3. Siddhartha Gautama (563-483 BCE)  Born  Born in NE India (Nepal)  Raised  Raised to be a king  At  At 29 he rejected his luxurious life to seek enlightenment and the source of suffering  Meditated  Meditated and found nirvana  Became  Became “ The “ The Enlightened One, ” One, ” at 35

4. What is the fundamental cause of all suffering? Desire!  Therefore,  Therefore, extinguish the self, don ’ t don ’ t obsess about oneself

5. Four Noble Truths 1. There is suffering in the world. To live is to suffer (Dukkha)  The Buddha found this out when he was young and experienced suffering and death in others

6. Four Noble Truths 2. The cause of suffering is self- centered desire and attachments (Tanha)

7. Four Noble Truths 3. The solution is to eliminate desire and attachments (Nirvana = “ extinction ” )

8. Four Noble Truths 4. To reach nirvana, one must follow the Eightfold Path.

9. Eightfold Path Nirvana  The union with the ultimate spiritual reality.  Escape from the cycle of rebirth.

10. What is the Eightfold Path? Wisdom: Right understanding Right motivation Moral discipline: Right speech Right action Right livelihood Mental discipline: Right effort Right mindfulness Right meditation

11. Types of Buddhism  Therevada Buddhism  Mahayana Buddhism  Tibetan Buddhism  Zen Buddhism  Therevada Buddhism  Mahayana Buddhism  Tibetan Buddhism  Zen Buddhism

12. Theravada Buddhism  The oldest school of Buddhism  The monastic life is the best way to achieve nirvana.  Goal is to become a “ Buddha ”  Over 100,000,000 followers today.

13. Mahayana Buddhism  Buddhism “ for the masses ”  Seek guidance from Boddhisatvas, wise beings  Goal: Not just individual escape from the wheel, but the salvation of all humanity through self- sacrifice of those enlightened few

14. Tibetan Buddhism  Developed in Tibet in the 7c CE.  A mix of Theravada and Mahayana  Boddhisatvas include Lamas, like the Dalai Lama Lamas, like the Dalai Lama

15. zen Buddhism  The “ Meditation School ”  Seeks sudden enlightenment through meditation  Beauty, art, and aesthetics:  Gardens  Archery  Tea ceremony

16. Buddhism in America (1999)

17. Relieve Stress & Meditate: Get a Mantra ! Ohm...mani...padme...h ung... Hail to the jewel in the lotus!