1. Health during Infancy & Childhood

2. CHILD HEALTH NURSING: Pediatric nursing also focuses on the healthy growth and development of a child not only at a physical level but also at mental level. education & awareness of the family members specially mothers is a very critical & important aspects because child health is a continuous process & it requires that families should be educated on how to provide them a healthy growth opportunity. In neonatal pediatric nursing a nurse has to take care of the most basic requirement of the patient which needs a very hard and in depth training process. Pediatric nursing also incorporates emergency medical management and intensive care for the children of different age groups.

3. Pediatric Nursing Concerns with care of infants and children: Preventing disease or injury Assisting children, including those with permanent disability or health problems to achieve and maintain an optimum level of health and development. Treating or rehabilitating children with health deviations.

4. Nurse requires the knowledge of: Normal psychomotor, psychosocial, and cognitive growth and development. Pediatric health problems and needs. Preventive care and anticipatory guidance.

5. Characteristics of a Pediatric Nurse: Communicate well with children. Be honest& Establish a trust relationship with children & their parents. Altruistic (acting of the good/concern for the welfare of others) Knowledgeable about diseases and medication (teacher). Familiar with community resources and organization (networker). Role model and child & family advocate. Recognize uniqueness. Develop partnership with parents (mutual respect and sharing the decision making role). Coordinating the health care team.

6. Assessment of health of children Mortality rate. Morbidity rate. The assessment of the two variables can reflect: 1- Causes of deaths. 2- Age group at risk for hazards and diseases.

7. Statistics Incidence: ex. Number of new cases of DM over specific period of time. Prevalence: ex. Number of old & new cases of DM over specific period of time. Mortality: Number of individuals who died over specific period of time per 1000. ( death certificates) Infant mortality rate (IMR): Number of deaths per 1000 live births during first year of life in specific year. Two type of IMR:  Neonatal mortality: From birth to 28 days of life.  Postnatal mortality: From one month to 12 months of life.

8. Decrease IMR due to  Good infection control.  Improve nutritional conditions.  New generation of antibiotic and antimicrobial.  Advanced care of preconception care, prenatal, natal and postnatal care.  Improve the health and education of the population as general.

9. Main leading causes of deaths in Palestine  Respiratory diseases.  Infections.  Low birth weight.  Congenital malformations.  Sudden infant death.

10. Causes of Deaths 1. Infants: 0-12 months: A.Prenatal condition:  Aspiration pneumonia.  Cord compression.  Difficult labor. B. Congenital malformations:  Teteralogy of fallout.  Tracheoesophageal fistula.  Others. C. Infection & sepsis.  Neonate baby  Low immunity

11. Causes of Deaths 2. Childhood: Accidents. Cancers. Congenital anomalies (Cystic fibrosis, Thalassemia, etc…). Infections. (Respiratory tract & Gastrointestinal) Malnutrition. 3. Adolescents: o Accidents and suicide.

12. Morbidity Morbidity definition: Statistics the prevalence of a specific illness in the population at a particular time per 1000. Example: number of bacterial meningitis in children under age of five years in 2014.

13. Morbidity in children Morbidity in children definition: Any illness sever enough to limit activity or require medical attention. Classified as:  Acute (respiratory. infections, injuries).  Chronic or disability.  Social illnesses ( behavioral, psychosocial & educational problems( poverty, violence and school failure)