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Writing Your Way to a Focused Research Question Dr. Erica Cirillo-McCarthy Assistant Director of Graduate and ADEP Writing
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Revisiting the writing process: Invention, Drafting, Revision, Editing Writing as Inquiry Recursive process of research, reading, and writing CARS Model Free writing/ Discussion
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Invention Drafting Revision Editing
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Writing to synthesize concepts ◦ Complex writing takes multiple concepts and synthesizes them Writing to map or organize concepts ◦ In order for your audience to understand the relationship between concepts, you need to organize them (keep in mind the rhetorical nature of organizing) Writing to extend concepts and ideas ◦ Graduate writing builds upon existing ideas and concepts
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The Create A Research Space (CARS) Model (see Swales and Feak) ◦ Move 1 Establishing a territory ◦ Step 1 Claiming centrality (or importance, relevance, problematic) and/or ◦ Step 2 Making topic generalization(s) and/or ◦ Step 3 Reviewing items of previous research (obligatory)
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Move 2 Establishing a niche ◦ Step 1A Counter-claiming or ◦ Step 1B Indicating a gap or ◦ Step 1C Question-raising or ◦ Step 1D Continuing a tradition or extending previous knowledge (obligatory)
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Move 3 Occupying the niche ◦ Step 1A Outlining purposes(obligatory) or ◦ Step 1B Announcing present research (in some fields) ◦ Step 2 Announcing principal findings (in some fields) ◦ Step 3 Indicating Research Article structure (in some fields)
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Let’s take a close look at two published articles in Education and Organizational Behavior… ◦ Justice, Christopher, James Rice, Dale Roy, Bob Hudspith, & Herb Jenkins. “Inquiry-based learning in higher education: administrators’ perspectives on integrating inquiry pedagogy into the curriculum.” Higher Education 58 (2009): 841-855. ◦ Heath, Chip & Sim B. Sitkin. “Big-B versus Big-O: What is Organizational about Organizational Behavior?” Journal of Organizational Behavior 22 (2001): 43-58.
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Close reading will help you see the moves made in introductions Read articles in your field’s top journals and see what moves scholars make as they create a research space Try to emulate those moves Do not try to reinvent the wheel – disciplinary conventions are there for a reason. You need to be able to recognize them and be comfortable recreating and adhering to the moves.
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Write about your research question including: ◦ What brought you to your research? ◦ What research are you aware of? Who are the scholars who do this type of research? Where do they publish? ◦ What research do they (the above scholars) rely on? ◦ How will you add to the discussion or conversation surrounding your research topic?
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Discussion/Questions
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References ◦ Stripling, Barbara K. "Inquiry-based Learning." Curriculum Connections through the Library. Eds. Barbara K. Stripling and Sandra Hughes-Hassell, Ann Arbor: Libraries Unlimited, 2003. ◦ Swales, John M. & Christine B. Feak. Academic Writing for Graduate Students: Essential Tasks and Skills. Ann Arbor: Univ. of Michigan Press, 2004.
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