1. BELL WORK This is your last bell work question of the semester? or  Look back at your journal and tell me what your favorite topic was.

2. SAFETY AND EMERGENCIES LIFE THREATENING EMERGENCIES

3. OBJECTIVES explain different kinds of life-threatening emergencies. describe how to perform rescue breathing. identify the symptoms of shock. explain how to help someone who is choking.

4. WHEN EMERGENCY STRIKES Stay Calm. Call for help. Provide appropriate first aid.

5. CHOKING Signs of Choking Clutching the throat Gasping or wheezing A reddish-purple colorization Bulging eyes An inability to speak

6. CHOKING If an adult or older child is choking, use the abdominal thrusts maneuver. abdominal thrusts Involves quick upward pulls into the diaphragm to force out an obstruction blocking the airway

7. CHOKING Choking infants require a different first-aid procedure.

8. CHOKING If You Are Alone and Choking Make a fist and position it slightly above your navel. With your other hand, grasp your fist and thrust it inward and upward. OR Lean over the back of a chair, or any firm object. Press your abdomen into the chair or object.

9. SEVERE BLEEDING Have the person lie down and elevate the site of the bleeding above the level of the heart. Use universal precautions. Apply direct pressure to the wound using a clean cloth. If bleeding continues, apply pressure to the artery supplying blood to the area of the wound. Cover the wound with a clean cloth to reduce the risk of infection.

10. SEVERE BLEEDING Pressure Point Bleeding Control Arm Use your fingers to press on the inside of the upper arm at the area in the diagram. You will press the artery at this point against the arm bone. To find the artery, feel for the pulse below the round muscle of the biceps.

11. SEVERE BLEEDING Pressure Point Bleeding Control Leg Keeping your arm straight, use the heel of your hand to press the groin area shown in the diagram. You will press the artery at this point against the pelvic bone. You may need to use both hands to apply enough pressure.

12. CPR If the person does not respond when gently shaken or when asked, “Are you okay?”, do not hesitate to administer cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) A first aid procedure that combines rescue breathing with chest compressions to restore breathing and circulation

13. CPR The ABCs of CPR A B C Airway Breathing Circulation A B C

14. SHOCK Injury, burns, and severe infection can cause a person to go into shock. shock A life threatening condition in which the circulatory system fails to deliver enough blood to vital tissues and organs Heat, poisoning, blood loss, and heart attack can also cause someone to go into shock.

15. SHOCK Signs of Shock Cool, clammy, pale or gray skin Weak and rapid pulse Slow and shallow breathing Dull look in the eyes with dilated pupils

16. SHOCK Precautions When Someone Goes Into Shock Call for medical help. Help the person to lie down on his or her back with feet raised slightly higher than the head. Loosen tight clothing.

17. SHOCK Precautions When Someone Goes Into Shock Use a blanket, coat or any available cover to help keep the person warm. Do not give the person anything to drink. Roll the person onto his or her side to help prevent choking in the event of vomiting or bleeding from the mouth.