1. Bell Ringer 1.A burglar steals a computer. Criminal or civil? 2.McDonald’s give you scalding hot coffee, which you end up spilling on yourself. You want to take the issue to court. Criminal or civil? 3.You purposely lie to FBI Investigators about a murder investigation. Criminal or civil? 4. You purposely do not pay/file your taxes. Criminal or civil?

2. Today we will … Objectives Define original and appellate jurisdiction. Outline the structure of the US Federal Court System. Agenda 1.Charleston SC police shooting discussion 2.Slides/notes 3.Closure 4.Start HW: article & activity packet HW: Finish packet

3. Judicial Branch The Federal Court System

4. LAWS AND JURISDICTION Some background information

5. Where does “the law” come from? Case law: past decisions by the courts that inform judicial rulings today (precedent) The Constitution: outlines how the government should work Statutes: laws made by the national or state governments

6. Jurisdiction The authority to hear certain cases is called jurisdiction of the court. – Original jurisdiction: The power of a court to hear a case first before any other court – Appellate Jurisdiction: The power to review cases already decided in lower court. – Limited Jurisdiction: The power to hear only certain kinds of cases (tax cases)

7. Types of Courts Federal – Supreme Court – Inferior (lower) federal courts State – Each state has its own courts system whose power comes from state constitution and laws.

9. Federal Courts

10. The Federal Courts Four layers of authority in the federal court system: 1.The Supreme Court 2.13 Courts of Appeal and the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. 3.U.S. District Courts 4.Special Courts

12. Check for understanding Which courts have limited jurisdiction? Which courts have appellate jurisdiction? Which courts have original jurisdiction?

13. District Courts original

14. District Courts 94 courts Lowest level of the federal judicial system Trial courts for both criminal & civil federal cases District Courts have original jurisdiction to hear cases involving – Constitutional law – Cases involving citizens of different states Federal Court System

15. District Courts Court of Appeals original appeal

16. Appeals If a person who loses a case in a trial court wishes to appeal a decision, they may take the case to a court with appellate jurisdiction. Federal Court System

17. Court of Appeals 13 US Courts of Appeals Each covers a circuit-a geographic area containing several district courts DOES NOT HOLD TRIALS The Appeals Court reviews the details of the case. DOES NOT HOLD TRIALS! If a mistake is found, the case will be sent back to the district court for a new trial

18. Appeals If the case loses again at the court of appeals, he/she may appeal to the Supreme Court

19. District Courts Court of Appeals Supreme Court original appeal original appeal

20. Supreme Court Is the highest court in the land Only court created by Constitution Receives about 10,000 requests for appeal every year but only hears a small percentage of them (2-4%) Federal Court System

21. Closure District CourtsAppeal Courts The Federal Court System Supreme CourtJurisdiction (original and appellate)