1. Dec.5, 2003 Globecom’03 Workshop W-2 K. Kitayama, Japan Research project on Optical burst switching network -Supported by Telecomunications Advancement Organization of Japan- Ken-ichi Kitayama Osaka University, Japan E-mail: kitayama@comm.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp Osaka Univ.

2. Dec.5, 2003 Globecom’03 Workshop W-2 K. Kitayama, Japan Outline Sponsored by  Telecomunications Advancement Organization of Japan (TAO) Participants  Coordinator : NTT Communications  NTT Network Innovations Laboratories  Fujitsu Laboratories  University of Tokyo  Osaka University Period: 2001-2005 Total budget: $15 million/5 years ($10 million in 2001-2003) Osaka Univ.

3. Dec.5, 2003 Globecom’03 Workshop W-2 K. Kitayama, Japan Current research projects on photonic networks supported by the Japanese government Ultra-long & high-speed fiber optic transmissions （ 1996 〜 2005 ） Ultra-long & high-speed fiber optic transmissions （ 1996 〜 2005 ） Photonic node for broadband access （ 2000 〜 2005 ） Photonic node for broadband access （ 2000 〜 2005 ） Optical burst switching network （ 2001 〜 2005 ） Optical burst switching network （ 2001 〜 2005 ） Control plane for terabit networks （ 2001 〜 2005 ） Control plane for terabit networks （ 2001 〜 2005 ） PHASE II R&D? （ 2006-2010 ） PHASE II R&D? （ 2006-2010 ） Devices for photonic networks （ 2002 〜 2006 ） Devices for photonic networks （ 2002 〜 2006 ）

4. Dec.5, 2003 Globecom’03 Workshop W-2 K. Kitayama, Japan Research subjects and their responsibilities - Aiming at high-efficiency photonic networking technology for bursty traffic - Control Data burst Source nodeDestination node 0 1 2 #3 Optical control packet - Osaka Univ. #3 Optical control packet - Osaka Univ. #4 Optical switch fabric - Fujitsu - #4 Optical switch fabric - Fujitsu - #2 Contention resolution and RWA - Univ. Tokyo - #2 Contention resolution and RWA - Univ. Tokyo - #1 OBS network architecture and its control plane - NTT - #1 OBS network architecture and its control plane - NTT - #1 OBS network architecture and its control plane - NTT - #1 OBS network architecture and its control plane - NTT -

5. Dec.5, 2003 Globecom’03 Workshop W-2 K. Kitayama, Japan Switching time design target & application area - PHASE I: Photonic MPLS extension - Data Volume Transmitted By 10-Gbit/s signal 10s1s 100ms 10ms 1ms 100μs 1000s 1s 1ms Photonic MPLS Router at Present Signal length,  b Switching Time  sw ( h= 1, L=0 km ) Next Generation DVD 30 GB DVD 5 GB CD 650 MB Super High Definition Still Image 12 MB km Round trip delay Transmission Distance (L) 1TB (800s) 1GB (0.8s) 1MB (0.8ms)  = 0.9  = 0.5  = 0.99 200msec at present Target Switching Time  sw <=  setup +  down Network Throughput   <=  b / (  b +  sw ) Switching Time  sw <=  setup +  down Network Throughput   <=  b / (  b +  sw ) 100  s 10km100km 10ms 1000km 100ms 10,000 LANMetro Nation wide/Global 1ms

6. Dec.5, 2003 Globecom’03 Workshop W-2 K. Kitayama, Japan. Switching time design target & application area - PHASE II: One-way protocol - Data Volume Transmitted By 10-Gbit/s signal 10s1s 100ms 10ms 1ms 100μs 1000s 1s 1ms Photonic MPLS Router at Present Signal length,  b Switching Time  sw ( h= 1, L=0 km ) Next Generation DVD 30 GB DVD 5 GB CD 650 MB Super High Definition Still Image 12 MB 100  s 10km100km 1ms 10ms 1000km 100ms 10,000km Round trip delay Transmission Distance (L) LANMetro Nation wide/Global  = 0.9  = 0.5  = 0.99 200msec at present Target 1TB (800s) 1GB (0.8s) 1MB (0.8ms)

7. Dec.5, 2003 Globecom’03 Workshop W-2 K. Kitayama, Japan Demonstration of optical burst data switching - Photonic MPLS extension - # 1# i# 3 Monitor 160 msec Condition; h= 1, L=0 km Optical burst data is transmitted by SDH STM-64 (@10Gb/s) framed signal. OLSP #1 OLSP #2 Photonic MPLS Router developed by NTT Network Innovation Labs OLSP #1 (Obd1) OLSP #2 (Obd2) Bd2 Bd1 10 msec

8. Dec.5, 2003 Globecom’03 Workshop W-2 K. Kitayama, Japan Research subjects and their responsibilities - Aiming at high-efficiency photonic networking technology for bursty traffic - Control Data burst Source nodeDestination node 0 1 2 #3 Optical control packet - Osaka Univ. #3 Optical control packet - Osaka Univ. #4 Optical switch fabric - Fujitsu - #4 Optical switch fabric - Fujitsu - #2 Contention resolution and RWA - Univ. Tokyo - #2 Contention resolution and RWA - Univ. Tokyo - #1 OBS network architecture and its control plane - NTT - #1 OBS network architecture and its control plane - NTT -

9. Dec.5, 2003 Globecom’03 Workshop W-2 K. Kitayama, Japan 3D-MEMS mirror structure Comb-driven MEMS Mirror Large Electro-Static Torque Low drive voltage, > 5-degree High-speed Switching Easy Controllability 1 10100 0.1 Driving Voltage (V) 1000 Switching Time (ms) Parallel-Plate Comb-Driven 1 10 100 1/10 10 mm 80x80 Channels

10. Dec.5, 2003 Globecom’03 Workshop W-2 K. Kitayama, Japan Novel folded optical switch Roof-typeRetro-reflector Input/Output Fiber Array Input/Output Micro-lens Array Input/Output MEMS Mirror Array Folded Configuration with Roof-type Retro-reflector by a factor of 1/2 of Flat-reflector (Lucent) Size: 87 x 77 x 53 mm Insertion Loss: 3 dB Crosstalk: < -40 dB 80x80 Channels Targeting; 256x256 Ch. 2,000x2,000 Ch.

11. Dec.5, 2003 Globecom’03 Workshop W-2 K. Kitayama, Japan Optical switch module B H: 1ms/div Switching Optical Switch In #1 In #2 Out #1 Out #2 B Optical Switch In #1 In #2 Out #1 Out #2 In #1 Out #1 In #2 A Burst A Burst B Burst A Burst B Size: 150(W) x 400(H) x 300(D) mm Supply Voltage: 200 V Power Consumption: 22 W 80x80 Channels Feed-forward Control 1ms

12. Dec.5, 2003 Globecom’03 Workshop W-2 K. Kitayama, Japan Research subjects and their responsibilities - Aiming at high-efficiency photonic networking technology for bursty traffic - Control Data burst Source nodeDestination node 0 1 2 #3 Optical control packet - Osaka Univ. #3 Optical control packet - Osaka Univ. #4 Optical switch fabric - Fujitsu - #4 Optical switch fabric - Fujitsu - #2 Contention resolution and RWA - Univ. Tokyo - #2 Contention resolution and RWA - Univ. Tokyo - #1 OBS network architecture and its control plane - NTT - #1 OBS network architecture and its control plane - NTT -

13. Dec.5, 2003 Globecom’03 Workshop W-2 K. Kitayama, Japan Deflection routing Deflect blocked bursts to idle fiber links Save bandwidth  A dropped burst wastes the bandwidth on the partially established path Save time  The delay becomes very large when retransmitting a blocked burst in long- distance links FGHIJ ABCDE Without Deflection With Deflection Univ.Tokyo

14. Dec.5, 2003 Globecom’03 Workshop W-2 K. Kitayama, Japan Priority-based wavelength assignment Each sender keeps a wavelength priority database for every destination node. By learning from the statistical data of prior transmission results, each node ranks wavelengths for giving prioritized wavelength assignment. As learning progresses, wavelength spatial reuse becomes possible

15. Dec.5, 2003 Globecom’03 Workshop W-2 K. Kitayama, Japan Research subjects and their responsibilities - Aiming at high-efficiency photonic networking technology for bursty traffic - Control Data burst Source nodeDestination node 0 1 2 #3 Optical control packet - Osaka Univ. #3 Optical control packet - Osaka Univ. #4 Optical switch fabric - Fujitsu - #4 Optical switch fabric - Fujitsu - #2 Contention resolution and RWA - Univ. Tokyo - #2 Contention resolution and RWA - Univ. Tokyo - #1 OBS network architecture and its control plane - NTT - #1 OBS network architecture and its control plane - NTT -

16. Dec.5, 2003 Globecom’03 Workshop W-2 K. Kitayama, Japan Tell-and-go protocol using OC-label (OC-TAG) Source Destination Offset time Time Distance Burst data Data transmission Release signal for unlimited burst duration  OC-label processing for control packet  OC-labeled control packet neglects the processing time Processing delay ~ 0 Offset time

17. Dec.5, 2003 Globecom’03 Workshop W-2 K. Kitayama, Japan Blocking probability: JET vs. OC-TAG Blocking probability: number of blocked requests / number of requests Processing delay at node: 1.0ms (JET case) Number of wavelengths: 32 or 64 No retransmission if data loss occurs Arrival rate Mean blocking probability Osaka Univ.

18. Dec.5, 2003 Globecom’03 Workshop W-2 K. Kitayama, Japan OC-label processing for control packet Optical switch Burst data Offset time Electrical processing Electrical processing O/EE/O OC-labeled control packet on out-of-band wavelength 0 OC OC ’ OC-label processor OC-label processor Ultrafast setup of optical path Osaka Univ. OC-label for LSP OC-lable for

19. Dec.5, 2003 Globecom’03 Workshop W-2 K. Kitayama, Japan Experimental OC-labeled control packet processings LN-IM Decoder1 Encoder3 SA Encoder4 Gate signal generator Gate signal generator Optical mask Add the available wavelength 2 20mV/div 100ps/div     R2R2   R2R2   20mV/div 0     0 8-chip OC-label Osaka Univ. 100ps/div Labels R 1  Labels R 1  20mV/div 1×2 Switch 1×2 Switch Label R 1 recognition Label swapping from R 1 to R 2 PPG Cross-correlation Auto-correlation

20. Dec.5, 2003 Globecom’03 Workshop W-2 K. Kitayama, Japan Summary National R&D project, particularly focus on OBS  Comprehensive program from optical switch, transport plane, control plane, and management plane Field trials in the network testbed planned;  PHASE I in 2003-2004: Photonic MPLS extention  PHASE II in 2005: Novel RWA & OC-label processing Osaka Univ.

21. Dec.5, 2003 Globecom’03 Workshop W-2 K. Kitayama, Japan Thank you!