1. Unit 2 Review Jared Peet

2. Warm Up QUIETLY complete SIDE ONE of the sourcing worksheet on your desk about the Mughal Emperor. EXTENSION: Write down the questions you still have about sourcing on the back of your warm up.

3. Document A – Government Report Who wrote this? Government official(s) What is the author’s perspective? As an official court document, this report seeks to inform people of what happened, while probably putting emperor in a positive light Why was it written? To create an official record of what happened in court When was it written? 1667 Where was it written? Mughal Empire, New Delhi Is it reliable? Why? Why not? Yes, it is an official government account from the time period in question

4. Sourcing Reminders Sourcing happens BEFORE you read the document. Perspective – this is the author’s point of view/biases, not a summary of the document Reliability – All sources have bias, but does this document tell us something meaningful about the time in question. We know that ONE source alone is never accurate.

5. Perspective – Author’s Identity What part of who they are causes them to say what they say? – occupation – gender – social class – wealth – race, ethnicity – nationality – religion – political party – education – Other known philosophical allegiances (romantic, communist, etc.)

6. Perspective - Motive What was the goal of the author? Speaker? Can you guess at the purpose behind the document? The type of document is helpful here. – persuade, influence, convince – propaganda – entertain – inform, explain – deflect blame or criticism ( place blame) – inspire – criticize – convert

7. Reliability After answering the sourcing questions, decide if the information in this document is useful to you as a historian or to the historical question you are answering. We know that ONE source alone isn’t reliable, so no credit for saying this. Would this one source provide reliable information that HELPS to understand issue?

8. Degrees of Reliability Amongst primary source documents, some are more reliable than others. – Eyewitness > Second Hand Account – Account close in time to event > Account further away in time from event

9. Sourcing, Part Deux Source the document on the back of your Warm Up.

10. Document B – Venetian Report Who wrote this? Venetian Diplomat What is the author’s perspective? As a Venetian diplomat, he wants to help his government by giving a detailed account of Mehmed Why was it written? To report to the Venetian government about Mehmed the Conqueror When was it written? 1452 Where was it written? Istanbul, Ottoman Empire Is it reliable? Why? Why not? Yes, it is an official government account from the time period in question

11. The Safavid Empire

12. The Safavids were Turks living in Persia who built a powerful gunpowder army & created an empire in modern-day Iran Unlike the Ottomans who were Sunni Muslims, the Safavids believed in Shi’a Islam & strictly converted the people they conquered Safavid rulers were called shahs, using the Persian title for king

13. The greatest ruler of the Safavid Empire was Shah Abbas who came to power in 1587 Abbas borrowed ideas from outside groups to improve the Safavid Empire He modeled Ottoman janissaries, used merit to employ gov’t workers, & introduced religious toleration which helped Safavids trade with European Christians Art flourished, especially carpets that blended Persian & European designs

14. The Masjid-e-Imam mosque used beautiful blue tiles that were made using Chinese techniques & artisans

15. The Decline of the Safavid Empire Like the Ottomans, Shah Abbas blinded or killed his most capable sons in order to keep power As a result, weak leaders led to a rapid decline of the Safavid Empire While the Ottoman Empire lasted until 1914, the Safavid Empire fell in 1747

16. Safavid Review – Swirling Donuts Form two concentric circles Discuss question on board with person opposite of you

17. Question #1 What made Shah Abbas the greatest Safavid ruler?

18. Question #2 Why did the Safavid empire begin to decline?

19. Question #3 What was similar about the Safavid and Ottoman empires?

20. Question #4 Did Shah Isma’il practice religious tolerance or intolerance? Give examples.

21. Organizational Thesis Example: – The gunpowder empires were more similar than different because they were all created by using gunpowder weapons, were all ruled by Islamic leaders and all blended Islam with local cultures to create a new high point of Islamic culture. – Paragraph 1 – Using gunpowder weapons to create empire – Paragraph 2 – Ruled by Islamic leaders – Paragraph 3 – Blended local cultures and Islam to create new high point

22. Take out your thesis worksheet. Using the feedback you received, rewrite your thesis. How did leaders of the Gunpowder Empires overcome the challenges of governing religiously diverse populations? Sample template: – The leaders of the Gunpowder Empires overcame the challenges of governing religiously diverse populations by practicing religious tolerance/intolerance, as shown by ______________, ________________, and _______________. – Successful/Unsuccessful Leaders of the Gunpowder Empires used religious tolerance/intolerance to govern their populations as demonstrated by ______________, _____________, and _____________.

23. Questions about the test?

24. BEGIN TO STUDY FOR TEST Start by reviewing your HW assignment – Know key terms/events/people – Be ready to use key terms in written work Review skills – Sourcing – Thesis writing