2. The Sun’s energy passes through the car’s windshield. This energy (heat) is trapped inside the car and cannot pass back through the windshield, causing the inside of the car to warm up. Example of the Greenhouse Effect

3. Earth’s Atmospheric Gases Nitrogen (N 2 ) Oxygen (O 2 ) Water (H 2 O) Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) >99% Methane (CH 4 ) <1% Non- Greenhouse Gases Greenhouse Gases Argon (Ar)

4. Sun Runaway Greenhouse Effect 97% carbon dioxide 3% nitrogen Water & sulfuric acid clouds Temperature: 860°F Venus

5. How Global Warming Works Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) Greenhouse gases trap heat from the sun and keep our planet warm Burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) increases CO2 levels. This traps more heat and causes the planet to get warmer.

6. How is global warming measured?

7. Ice Core Data CO 2 Measurements Before 1958 - Antarctica

8. CO 2 Atmospheric Measurements CO 2 Measurements Since 1958 – Mauna Loa, Hawaii

10. Global Warming Myths Just like with other things that involve responsibility and money...,any myths are created to deflect the blame

11. Global Warming Has Stopped? -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1975198019851990199520002005 Year  Mean Temperature (°C) 1365.2 1365.4 1365.6 1365.8 1366.0 1366.2 1366.4 1366.6 1366.8 Solar Irradiance (W/m 2 ) 2010 NO IT HAS NOT!

12. Global Warming is Caused by Sunspots? -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1880190019201940196019802000 Year  Mean Temperature (°C) 0 50 100 150 200 250 Sunspots NO IT DOES NOT CORRELATE!

13. Global Warming is Caused by GCR? -0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1950196019701980199020002010 Year  Mean Temperature (°C) 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800 4000 4200 4400 4600 Gamma Cosmic Rays NO IT DOES NOT CORRELATE EITHER!

14. Global Warming Primarily Impacts the Northern Hemisphere? -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 192019602000 Year Temperature Change (°C) Northern vs. Southern Latitude Northern Hemisphere Southern Hemisphere 192019602000 Year Land vs. Ocean Land Ocean Global Warming Primarily Impacts the Land FALSE!

15. -4.1-4-2-.5-.2.2.51244.1 Global Warming is Due to Heat from the Cities? 2009 Temperature Changes Compared to 1951-1980 NOT TRUE!

16. Carbon Dioxide Cause Global Climate Change

17. 170 220 270 320 370 420 200000400000600000 Time (YBP) CO 2 (ppm) Vostok Ice CoreDome Concordia Carbon Dioxide Levels 0 Muana Loa Readings CO 2 Levels Since 1958 310 330 350 370 10203040 CO 2 (ppm) 0

18. Volcanoes Put Out More CO 2 Than Fossil Fuel Burning? 0 2 4 6 8 10 Carbon (10 9 metric tons) Fossil Fuel Volcanoes NO THEY DO NOT!

19. Carbon Footprint

20. National Carbon Emissions Metric Tons per Year 2007 –China 6,538,367,000 –United States5,838,381,000 –India1,612,362,000 2009 –United States 5,762,050,000 –China 3,473,600,000 –Russia 1,540,360,000

21. Pounds of Carbon Dioxide ___ tons CO 2 X 2205 lbs/ton = ___lbs CO 2 ___ tons CO 2 X 556200 L/ton = ___L CO 2 ___ tons CO 2 X 770 lbs/ton = ___lbs Coal 500 lbs. of coal

22. Portage Glacier 19142004 Alaska

26. CO 2 Vs. Sea Level CO 2 Vs. Temperature 0100000200000300000400000500000 Time (ybp) -120 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 Relative Sea Level 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 CO 2 (ppmv) -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 Temperature Rohling et al. 2009. Antarctic temperature and global sea level closely coupled over the last five glacial cycles. Nature Geoscience 2:500.

30. Global Warming: Shifting Gears

31. 2007 Goal: Reductions in CO 2 Per Year Billions of Metric Tons Carbon

32. 2007 Reductions in CO 2 Per Year Gigaton Carbon Produce electricity efficiently Use electricity efficiently Vehicle efficiency Solar and Wind Power Biofuels Carbon capture and storage Billions of Metric Tons Carbon Our Goal

33. What’s being done now to reduce our emissions? Solar PowerWind PowerFuel-Efficiency

34. We can stop global warming!

35. What can you do to help solve the problem?

36. Simple Things To Do Turn off your computer or the TV when you’re not using it. Take shorter showers. Heating water uses energy. Keep rooms cool by closing the blinds, shades, or curtains. Turn off the lights when you leave a room. Use compact fluorescent bulbs.

37. Be Bulb Smart—Use CFLs Incandescent Compact Fluorescent 500 lbs. of coal What’s the difference? 1,430 lbs. CO 2 pollution avoided $30 saved

38. Simple Things To Do Dress lightly when it’s hot instead of turning up the air conditioning. Or use a fan. Dress warmly when it’s cold instead of turning up the heat. Offer to help your parents keep the air filters on your AC and furnace clean. Walk short distances instead of asking for a ride in the car. Plant a tree. Recycle.