1. Intro to Odonata Dragonflies and damselflies Online key: http://insects.ummz.lsa.umich.edu /michodo/test/Home.htm 5,500 spp. world 650 NA

2. Adults near freshwater Larvae in many freshwater habitats –Few brackish Larvae are predators - capture prey with long, hinged labium

3. Mating - in flight, or perched Oviposition in tandem, or female alone Species where males remain attached more likely to get fertilization = sperm storage –Eggs fertilized during oviposition

4. Oviposition Some insert eggs into plant tissue Some drop eggs into water Some submerge

5. Incomplete metamorphosis (egg – nymph – adult) 10 - 15 instars Wing pads appear after 6-7 molts Larval stage - few weeks to 5 years

6. Some univoltine = seasonal emergence at one time Some emerge through entire season Temporary pond species emerge quickly Some tropical species use tree holes or bromeliad pools

7. Larvae are generalized carnivores Early instars feed on protozoa Feeding sequence –Detection –Eject labium –Mandibles consume prey

8. Labium extended Grabs and holds prey - quickly Hooks, spines

9. Many odonate larvae are sit- and-wait-predators Conceal themselves by burrowing, climbing on vegetation, etc.Conceal themselves by burrowing, climbing on vegetation, etc.

10. Larval morphology Zygoptera = damselflies –More slender, head wider than thorax, 3 long tracheal gills at abdomen tip Anisoptera = dragonflies –Stout, head narrower than thorax, 5 short, stiff appendages at abdomen end

11. Head Labium = lower lip Antennae = 6-7 segments

12. Thorax Prothorax freely movable wingpads thorax tarsus tibia femur Lateral gill

13. Abdomen Zygoptera - epiproct and paraprocts form three gills wingpads thorax tarsus tibia femur Lateral gill

14. Abdomen epiproct paraproct Anisoptera - epiproct and paraprocts are dorsal to two cerci

15. Adults Compound eyes, short antennae Three ocelli

16. Adult wings Anisoptera - held horizontally at rest Zygoptera - wings above body at rest

18. Zygoptera = 3 families Calopterygidae Lestidae Coenagrionidae

19. Zygoptera families Calopterygidae –1st antennal segment long –Prementum with deep median cleft

20. Lestidae Short antennae Prementum stalked, spoon- shaped

21. Lestidae

22. Coenagrionidae Short antennae Basal half of prementum not narrowed

23. Anisoptera families Gomphidae Prementum and palpal lobes of labium flat No dorsal setae Antennae 4-segmented

24. Gomphidae

25. Petularidae Prementum and palpal lobes of labium flat Antennae 6- and 7-segmented Short, thick hairy antennae

26. Prementum and palpal lobes of labium flat Antennae 6- and 7-segmented Antennal segments short, bristle-like Aeshnidae

28. Cordulegastridae Prementum and palpal lobes spoon-shaped Distal edge of lateral lobe with irregular teeth

29. Corduliidae Prementum and palpal lobes spoon- shaped Distal edge of lateral lobe w/o irregular teeth Thick frontal horn, long metafemur

30. Corduliidae

31. Libellulidae Prementum and palpal lobes spoon- shaped Distal edge of lateral lobe w/o irregular teeth Shallow crenulations on lateral lobe of labium

32. Libellulidae