1. Mindset: The Psychology of Learning and Achievement

2. Module 1: Mindsets

3. Made or born?

4. Are we born smart or stupid? Are we born smart or stupid? Is intelligence fixed from birth? Is intelligence fixed from birth? Do we have ‘built-in’ talents as a baby? Do we have ‘built-in’ talents as a baby? Or… do talents, abilities and intelligence itself grow from experience?? Or… do talents, abilities and intelligence itself grow from experience?? What we’ll be looking at

5. Born SMART….? Born SMART….?

6. At birth, we can’t WALK or TALK These abilities don’t pop up overnight…. ….. they DEVELOP as we LEARN!! Importance of development

7. Good at maths? Good at acting? Good at science? Good at music? So, are we born…

8. Was Einstein born a genius?

9. Was Michael Jordan born slam dunking?

10. ‘Maybe’

11. Was Beyonce born a POPSTAR?

12. What can we learn about learning from animals?

13. Ratty intellect… Ratty intellect… BORING Nothing to do in the cage but eat and sleep –No stimulation EXCITING Cage had opportunities for rats to play and interact –Lots of stimulation Lab rats were placed in 2 different environments: Lab rats were placed in 2 different environments:

14. After a while, the stimulated rats were found to be smarter than the boring rats. Their brains were even HEAVIER than the boring rats. Rat results

15. What do you think? Are our abilities Are our abilities determined from determined from birth? birth?

16. People have increased their IQ by 30 POINTS With the right mindset people can achieve more than an IQ test might reveal.

17. Two beliefs about intelligence Two beliefs about intelligence

18. Fixed mindset Believes: Intelligence is CARVED IN STONE Scores in a test MEASURE POTENTIAL Intelligent people shouldn’t have to WORK HARD Failure reflects a LACK of INTELLIGENCE

19. Growth mindset Believes: Intelligence is MALLEABLE Learning requires HARD WORK and EFFORT ALL individuals CAN LEARN and improve We CANNOT MEASURE a person’s POTENTIAL

20. Thinking about mindset OBSERVE the mindset you adopt OBSERVE the mindset you adopt You can CHOOSE to adopt a growth mindset You can CHOOSE to adopt a growth mindset When you meet challenges REMIND yourself about the growth mindset When you meet challenges REMIND yourself about the growth mindset

21. Module 2: The Brain

22. The brain weighs 1,300 – 1,400 grams It is made up of 100 Billion Neurons Forming different areas called Lobes Facts about the brain…

23. Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe Temporal Lobe Occipital Lobe

24. Emotion Emotion Reasoning Reasoning Speech Speech Motion Motion Planning Planning Problem solving Problem solving The Frontal lobe is used for:

25. Touch Touch Pressure Pressure Temperature Temperature Pain Pain The Parietal lobe is used in:

26. Hearing Hearing& Memory Memory The Temporal lobe is used for… The Temporal lobe is used for:

27. Vision We use this lobe to process what we see We use this lobe to process what we see The Occipital lobe is used for:

28. The different parts of the brain let us do things think things remember things All of the lobes, and all their functions, are important in everyday life.

29. A homunculus is used to describe the relative amount of space our body parts occupy in the brain. A homunculus is used to describe the relative amount of space our body parts occupy in the brain. In a model of motor functions, some parts are much bigger because we use them much more, or with more accuracy. In a model of motor functions, some parts are much bigger because we use them much more, or with more accuracy. Homunculus

30. The more we use a part of our body, the more space our brain needs to control or interpret it. The more we use a part of our body, the more space our brain needs to control or interpret it. In fact, by learning the brain may have to change the space it uses to account for new abilities. In fact, by learning the brain may have to change the space it uses to account for new abilities. Brain space…

31. People who play music have been found to have auditory centres that are BIGGER than normal. People who play music have been found to have auditory centres that are BIGGER than normal. The ‘sound’ area of their brain grew through practising their music. The ‘sound’ area of their brain grew through practising their music. Sound centre

32. All of the areas of the brain… like sound, communication, problem-solving… are made of cells called NEURONS They transmit information all around the brain. Neurons

33. Neurons pass information through CONNECTIONS with other neurons at SYNAPSES

34. Learning helps our neurons GROW. The more we learn, the more connections they make. The more we learn, the more connections they make.

35. … through lots and lots of practice. People with large auditory areas in their brain grew lots more neuron connections in the sound area…

36. What about your brain? What areas do you think are bigger in your brain than in other people’s? What areas would you like to get even bigger and stronger? What areas would you like to fix?

37. Module 3: ‘Fail your way to success’

38. He went on to win the Olympic games gold medal and the U.S. open. Andy Murray lost his first four grand slam finals…

39. ‘Failure’

40. "he lacked imagination and had no good ideas” In school Robin Williams was voted… ‘‘least likely to succeed’’ Walt Disney was fired by a newspaper editor because…

41. Different ways people view failure Some people view it as a learning opportunity. They value learning. While others view it as confirmation that they are not smart.

42. Why do people have different views of failure? Because they have different goals…. Some people create learning goals. Some people create learning goals. Others create performance goals. Others create performance goals.

43. a test, a sport, a drawing – - What goal did you have? - Did you want to show a teacher how clever you were ? - Was it a performance goal? - What would you do next time this happens? Think of a time when you didn’t enjoy doing something…

44. Write down why it may be better to have learning goals

45. Module 4: ‘How people cope with failure’

46. Response to failure SOME PEOPLE… BLAME themselves, Feel DEPRESSED and GIVE UP trying OTHERS… Don’t think that they are failing, so BLAME NO ONE KEEP GOING and Remain HOPEFUL that they will get there

47. Helpless response Unmotivated Unmotivated Lack of perseverance Lack of perseverance Decreased enjoyment Decreased enjoyment Depressed Depressed Anxious Anxious Responsible for the setback Responsible for the setback Disengaged and avoid getting involved with studying Disengaged and avoid getting involved with studying

48. Mastery response View setback as a challenge View setback as a challenge Try harder Try harder Look for other ways to do things Look for other ways to do things Consider many different points Consider many different points Engage with the problem ? Engage with the problem ?

49. 50/50 People display one or the other response. In some areas they may react with a mastery response and in others a helpless response.

50. Brain imaging and response to failure People with a fixed mindset pay attention to how they feel (i.e. stressed, anxious). Those feelings then get in the way of learning.

51. Write down on your piece of paper why it might be better to show a ‘mastery response’ rather than a ‘helpless response’ when confronted with failure

52. Mastery response View setback as a challenge View setback as a challenge Try harder Try harder Look for other ways to do things Look for other ways to do things Consider many different points Consider many different points Engage with the problem ? Engage with the problem ?

53. Looking at these benefits, think about how this applies to your life. Do you view failure as an opportunity to learn and improve?

54. Michael Jordan’s coach said that there were many more talented people than him…. What made Jordan special? Do you agree that he failed his way to success?

55. because they are hard? because they are hard? to avoid failing? to avoid failing? Do you avoid or give up on certain tasks…

56. think about what you can learn think about what you can learn Next time you get feedback or marks that you didn’t want…

57. What do you believe about effort? Do you believe that hard work and effort can help you to improve? Do you believe that hard work and effort can help you to improve?or Do you believe that putting effort in only shows that you were not good at it in the first place? Do you believe that putting effort in only shows that you were not good at it in the first place?

58. Do you think of this as someone with extraordinary abilities who achieved things with little effort? Do you think of this as someone with extraordinary abilities who achieved things with little effort? Think about your hero…

59. Will Smith

60. Find out the tremendous effort that went into their accomplishments Find out the tremendous effort that went into their accomplishments and admire them even more. Now go and find out the truth!

61. Wilma Rudolph

62. Mindset tips Try out new strategies Try out new strategies Find learning information in failure Find learning information in failure Remember marks do not show your potential - they only show how you are doing right NOW. Remember marks do not show your potential - they only show how you are doing right NOW. If you are having difficulties finding new strategies or learning information ask someone who could help you. If you are having difficulties finding new strategies or learning information ask someone who could help you.

63. Module 5: Mindset and success

64. 2 Mindsets recap: Fixed mindset Belief that ability is fixed Belief that ability is fixed People are born smart/sporty etc People are born smart/sporty etc Depressed after failure Depressed after failure Put in less effort Put in less effort Don’t try new strategies Don’t try new strategies Growth mindset Belief that people can grow and develop Belief that people can grow and develop See failure/setback as a learning opportunity See failure/setback as a learning opportunity Put in effort and persist Put in effort and persist Try alternative routes to success Try alternative routes to success

65. Now put the paper in a pile on your table Write down 3 things you know about a GROWTH mindset

66. Then fold the paper and put it on a pile on your table Write down 3 things you know about a FIXED mindset

67. Now stick these on the wall in 2 separate groups a GROWTH group a GROWTH groupand a FIXED group a FIXED group

68. In groups discuss the benefits of a growth mindset. Write down 3 of these benefits…

69. Picture the brain forming new connections as you meet the challenge and learn. Keep on going…

70. Is there something in your past which you think measured you? Essay Essay Exam Exam Music lesson Music lesson Maths homework Maths homework Being rejected? Being rejected? Now focus on that thing and put it in the growth mindset perspective…

71. Write it down What did you learn from this experience?

72. Is there something that you always wanted to do but were afraid that you weren’t good at it? Make a plan and do it.

73. ArtScienceMusic SingingActing Maths History Football Writing ComputingGamingPolitics

74. People are born with a love of learning. A fixed mindset can undo this.

75. Mindset tips Create learning goals Create learning goals Make plans Make plans Imagine the brain making new connections each time you learn something Imagine the brain making new connections each time you learn something Concentrate on believing that you can Concentrate on believing that you can When you meet challenges, setbacks or adversity ask yourself ‘what can I learn from this?’ When you meet challenges, setbacks or adversity ask yourself ‘what can I learn from this?’ Tell other people about your growth mindset Tell other people about your growth mindset What else have you come up with………? What else have you come up with………?

76. Fixed mindset If people are either smart or not smart, then failure means that people are not clever… If people are either smart or not smart, then failure means that people are not clever… Even though they could learn they GIVE UP Even though they could learn they GIVE UP They feel DEPRESSED and ANXIOUS They feel DEPRESSED and ANXIOUS Don’t persevere or put effort in Don’t persevere or put effort in

77. Growth mindset Failure is an opportunity to learn and to try out new strategies Failure is an opportunity to learn and to try out new strategies Failure is a chance to look for learning information and to improve performance Failure is a chance to look for learning information and to improve performance Marks or grades do not measure a persons potential Marks or grades do not measure a persons potential Don’t see setback as a failure Don’t see setback as a failure