1. NERVOUS SYSTEM
Coordinates all activities in the body by transmitting messages back and forth to every cell of the body through nerves.

2. Central Nervous System
Brain and Spinal Cord
Receives messages from the PNS (everything outside of brain and spinal cord) and sends a response or reaction
Tells the body how to respond to a stimulus

3. Spinal Cord About 18 +/- inches
Sends messages from brain to body and visa versa

4. Brain Controls activities of the nervous system
Allows you to think, reason, coordinate, learn, remember, perform all bodily functions whether voluntary or involuntary

5. Brain Parts
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brain stem

6. Cerebrum LARGEST, most complex part of brain
Controls conscious thought, learning, & memory
Right side controls the left side of the body
Left side controls the right side of the body

7. Cerebrum Lobes
Frontal Lobe
Parietal Lobe
Occipital Lobe
Temporal Lobe

8. Frontal Lobe
Voluntary movement
Use of language
Intellect
Personality

9. Parietal Lobe Sensory Information Heat Cold Pain Touch
Kinesthetics—where your body is and what it is doing

10. Occipital Lobe
Vision

11. Temporal Lobe
Hearing
Smell
Some memory
Some thought
Some judgement

12. Cerebellum Coordinates movement of the skeletal muscles Posture
Balance

13. Brain Stem
3-inch stalk of nerve cells and fibers that connect the brain to the spinal cord
The “Gateway” from the brain to the body and the body to the brain

14. Brain Stem Parts
Medulla oblongata
Pons
Midbrain
Thalamus
Hypothalamus

15. Medulla Oblongata The lowest portion of the brain stem
Regulates heart rate
Regulates breathing rate
Regulates hearing, talking, and swallowing
Regulates reflexes such as:
Coughing
Sneezing
Vomiting

16. Pons Sits just above the M.O.
Connects nerve impulses to other parts of the brain
Helps breathing
Controls muscles of the eyes and face

17. Midbrain Highest portion of the brain stem
Involved in controlling eyeball movement and pupil size

18. Kind of like the Pony Express, :~)
Thalamus
Relay center for incoming messages
Kind of like the
Pony Express,
:~)

19. Hypothalamus Controls various body processes
Temperature
Appetite
Sleep
Through the pituitary gland it controls metabolism, sexual development, and emotion

20. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord
Sends info from inside and outside of your body to the CNS for the brain to respond to

21. PNS Parts
Autonomic Nervous System
Somatic Nervous System

22. Autonomic Nervous System
Controls Involuntary functions
Sympathetic—Reflex—”Fight or Flight”
Parasympathetic—opposes actions of the sympathetic nervous system by slowing bodily functions during rest

23. Somatic Nervous System
Relays messages from the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin to the CNS which sends a response to the skeletal muscles to move or react to a situation

24. Neurons
Nerve cells
Cell body—contains the control center of the nerve cell—nucleus
Dendrites—branched structures that extend from the cell body. They receive info from other neurons or sensory receptors and transmit impulses toward the cell body
Axons—transmit messages away from the cell body and toward other neurons, cells, or glands

25. THE BRAIN