1. Engaging the Users in Multidisciplinary Projects
Torben Elgaard Jensen
Professor
Engaging the Users in Multidisciplinary Projects
How to find them
What to do with them
And where to go next
Presentation for the conference on
‘Opportunities and Challenges in Interdisciplinary Research, London, Oct 9th 2012.

2. The problem User-driven Innovation programme in Denmark 2007-
55 mio €, +100 projects
Connecting the understanding of users in social sciences with technical-natural sciences
Connecting universities with private sector and municipalities.
My research: comparative qualitative studies of projects
”Working in a multi-disciplinary team, I am finding myself acting as a mediator between social and natural sciences, and users and the academia”.
(Anna Krzywoszynska,
Solar Energy for Future Societies)
Ksyvoshyniska

3. Provide vocabulary for user engagement in multidisciplinary projects
Purpose of this talk
Provide vocabulary for user engagement in
multidisciplinary projects
How to find users
What to do with them
And where to go next
Catch them, kill them with alcohol, pin them, and put them in a display case.

4. How to find the users 1. Business Anthropology 2. Lead user process
– discovering unacknowledged needs
2. Lead user process
– tapping into the creativity of users
Essentially – send the anthropologists, send the spies, or send the diplomats.
3. Participatory design
- Collaborating with users

5. What to do with the users? Looking inside the projects
1. A similarity in methods
(observation, photo, interviews, workshops)
2. Leading to a similar excess of material…
3. Leading to at least three strikingly different ’preservation strategies’.
Design briefs
Concepts of everyday life
Demonstrations

6. User statement Photo Nurse statement Excerpt from a study
Preservation strategy 1: Design briefs
User statement
Photo
Nurse statement
Excerpt from a study

7. Relation to other rationalities
Preservation strategy 2: Concepts of everyday life
Economy
Time
Logistics
Health
Ethics
Sociality
Pleasure
Definition
Relation to other rationalities
Examples and illustrations

8. Preservation strategy 3: Demonstrations
Researchers
”Users”
Props
Home turf
Video-camera

9. Preservation stategies
Design Briefs: information from and about users is presented as support for particular design ideas. Concepts of everyday life: information from and about users is summed up in a network of concepts describing the durable structures of everyday life, which the designers of future solutions should take into account. Demonstrations (Rehearsing the future): Practical scenario are developed in a previous workshop. The users rehearse these scenerios on location, and their enactment of how something ’might work’ is wittnessed and recorded.

10. Where to go next ? - or what to expect
Projects as machines ? Project synergy ? Boundary objects (Star & Griesemer 1989) Trading zones (Galison 1997) Collateral benefits (Jespersen et al, forthcoming)

11. The ebbs and flows of projects?
Complexify
Project
Technology
Engaging the users’
Defining ‘the’ technology
‘preservation of users’
Users
Simplify
Pre
Early
Late
Post

12. Conclusions: Interdisciplinarity is the problem as well as the answer
The devil is in the details: Everything in interdisciplinary projects hinges on assumptions about users and technologies, and on the arrangements and preservation styles that allow us to get these things in and out of interdisciplinary projects. And the devil is interdisciplinary: Our world consists of wildly complex systems such as the energy system. These systems are based on contributions from a range of discilines - math, economics, physics, social science. If we want to wrestle with the problems of these ’interdisciplinary’ systems, we also have to take an interdisciplinary approach.