1. Skeletal System

2. The Skeleton is the name given to
the collection off bones in the
body and the tissues that
connect them.

3. The skeleton has 5 major functions.
It protects our vital organs such as the brain, the heart, and the lungs
It gives us structure. Without it we would just be a blob of blood and tissue on the floor.
It allows us to move. Because our muscles are attached to our bones, when our muscles move, they move the bones.

4. Functions It stores calcium. Which keeps bones and teeth hard.
It makes Red and White blood cells

5. Skeleton Facts
When you were born, your skeleton had close to 350 bones
By the time you become an adult, you will only have around 206 bones
This is because, as you grow, some of the bones fuse together to form one bone such as the skull.
Our bones are 5 times stronger than steel •. •

6. Skeleton Facts
The smallest bones in the body are found in the ear. (3mm)
The longest bone in the body is the femur
Over half the body's bones are in the hands and feet.
As your bones grow, you get taller. Girls usually stop growing around age 16, and boys around age 18.

7. Organization of the Human Skeleton
• Your skeleton is made up
of two parts; the axial skeleton
and the appendicular
skeleton.
Green = Axial
Purple = Appendicular

8. Colour the axial and appendicular parts of the skeleton
Axial skeleton protects the organs of your body

9. Appendicular skeleton allows movement

10. The Axial Skeleton • Skull 29 • Vertebral column 24
• Ribs (12 pairs) 24
• Sternum 1
• Sacrum 1
• Coccyx 1
• Total 80
Green Area

11. The Appendicular Skeleton
• Pectoral girdles (2 x 2) 4
• Arms (3 x 2) 6
• Wrists ( 8 x 2) 16
• Hands (19 x 2) 38
• Pelvis 2
• Legs (4 x 2) 8
• Ankles (7 x 2) 14
• Feet (19 x 2) 38
• Total 126
Purple Area

14. There are Four Main types of bone
Flat: like those found in the skull; provide protection for soft tissues and points for muscle attachment
Long: found in the arms and legs; provide strength and support
Short: found in the wrists and ankles; provide flexibility
Irregular: backbone, middle ear; have shapes related to a specialized function

15. Flat
Long
Irregular
Short

16. Bones • Bones get their strength and rigidity from hard deposits of
minerals such as
calcium and
phosphate.
• Bones are strong
but light because
they are hollow
and filled with a
substance called
Bone Marrow.

17. Bone Marrow the center of large bones.
• Bone marrow is the tissue in
the center of large bones.
It is a spongy, fatty tissue that houses stem cells.

18. Types of Bone Marrow Red marrow Yellow marrow
Has stem cells that make red blood cells, platelets and most white blood cells
Yellow marrow
Has stem cells that make fat, cartilage, bone and some types of white blood cells
Both types of bone marrow contain blood vessels and capillaries.

20. At birth, all bone marrow is red.
With age, more and more of it is converted to the yellow type.
Adults have about 2.6kg of bone marrow - about half of it is red.

21. Red marrow is found:
In flat bones such as hip bone, breast bone, skull, ribs, and shoulder blades
In the spongy material at the ends of the long bones the femur and humerus.

22. What happens if you loose a lot of blood?
Your body can convert yellow marrow to red marrow to help replace the loss.
You may need a blood
transfusion

23. Every minute of every day, someone in Canada needs blood.

24. Canadian Blood Services collects blood through donations
Most people have five litres of blood.
When you donate you give approximately 450 ml of blood - ~ ½ a litre
Canadian Blood Services collects approximately 850,000 units of blood annually
Think about becoming a donor