1. Coagulation

2. Cut or injuryplatelets and injured tissue release Thromboplastin  act on Prothrombin in plasma  + Calcium ions converts to Thrombin  the thrombin acts as an enzyme and changes Fibrinogen  Fibrin creating a mesh that traps red blood cells, platelets and plasma creating a blood clot.
Coagulation

3. Coagulation Cont. Anticoagulants prevent blood clotting
Heparin:antiprothrombin
Prothrombin is dependent on Vitamin K
Coagulation Cont.

4. White Blood Cells
Leukocytes

5. Leukocytes Larger than erythrocytes Five types Leuk/o/cytes –
white cells
Leukocytes
2.01 Remember the structures of the circulatory system

6. Leukocytes Larger than erythrocytes Granular or agranular 5 types
Normal leukocyte count = 3,200 – 9,800
Diapedesis- when WBC have the ability to squeeze through the intercellular spaces of capillary walls to fight infection in neighboring tissues.
Leukocytes
2.01 Remember the structures of the circulatory system

7. Leukocytes Agranulocytes Granulocytes Lymphocytes Monocytes
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils
Leukocytes
2.01 Remember the structures of the circulatory system

8. Thrombocytes Smallest of solid components of blood
Synthesized in red marrow
Not cells, composed of fragments of megakaryocytes
Necessary for the initiation of the blood clotting process
Thrombocytes
2.01 Remember the structures of the circulatory system

9. Types of White Cells… Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Granuloccyte
formed in the
bone marrow
Phagocytize
bacteria
Granulocyte
Formed in the
Increase in
numbers in
allergic conditions,
malaria and in
worm infestation.
Produce heparin
an anitcoagulant
Count increases
during chronic
inflammation and
during healing
from infection.
Agranulocyte absence of cytoplasmic granules formed in lymph glands, nodes and bone marrow.
B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocyte Protect against cancer cells.
Assist in
phagocytosis
leave blood
vessels and
attach themselves
to tissues, during
infection they help
to wall off and
isolate the infected
area
Agranulocyte

10. Life Span of Blood cells
2.01 Remember the structures of the circulatory system

11. Phagocytosis – process when white cells surround engulf, and digest harmful bacteria.

12. Inflammation

13. Start 
Pus produced a combination of dead tissue, dead and living bacteria, dead leukocytes and plasma
Body’s reaction to chemical or physical trauma. 
Histamine increases the blood flow to the injured area. 
Pathogenic disease producing microorganisms can cause inflammation.
Symptoms – redness, local heat, swelling and pain  
Inflammation 
Why? Bacterial toxins, increase blood flow, collection of plasma in tissues – edema.

14. Inflammation

15. Inflammation Cont. Abscess Pus-filled cavity below the epidermis.
Pyrexia
Increase in body temperature by the hypothalamus in response to pathogenic invasion
Leukocytosis
Increase in the number of white cells in response to infection
Leukopenia
Decrease in number of white cells due to chemotherapy or radiation

16. Hematology BM #2

17. BM #3

18. Hematology BM#2 Questions
1. Name and describe the five different types of what blood cells.
2. Draw a picture for each white blood cell with their job for your body.
For example if they eat the bacteria draw a big mouth as the WBC and a bacteria inside.
3. What is inflammation? Describe a time when you had an inflammation.
4. List the process of coagulation.
Remember to copy the words from the bubble map in color and color the pictures.
Hematology BM#2 Questions