1. Friday December 7, 2007SBI3U | A. Manaktola Blood

2. Friday December 7, 2007SBI3U | A. Manaktola What is Blood? Blood is the fluid that carries nutrients, gases, hormones and wastes around the body Blood consists of: –plasma (the liquid part)55% of volume –cellular components45% of volume (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets) Average adult human has 5 to 6 L of blood (about 8% of body mass)

3. Friday December 7, 2007SBI3U | A. Manaktola Blood Composition Plasma is a straw-colored liquid that contains dissolved proteins, salts, minerals, and hormones

4. Friday December 7, 2007SBI3U | A. Manaktola Cellular Components of Blood POINT OF COMPARISON RED BLOOD CELL WHITE BLOOD CELL PLATELETS LEUCOCYTESLYMPHOCYTES ORIGIN Red bone marrow Red bond marrow Spleen, lymph glands Red bone marrow, lungs CELLS/mm 3 OF BLOOD 4.5 - 5.5 million60002000250 000 RELATIVE SIZE Small (8 μm diameter) Largest (up to 25 μm) Large (10 μm)Smallest (2 μm) FUNCTION To carry oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from cells To engulf foreign particles To play a role in the formation of antibodies To play a role in the clotting of blood LIFE SPAN120 days A few hours to a few days Unknown7-8 days

5. Friday December 7, 2007SBI3U | A. Manaktola Blood Groups There are four different kinds of blood types: A, B, AB, or O

6. Friday December 7, 2007SBI3U | A. Manaktola Blood Groups BLOOD GROUP ANTIGENS PRESENT ON SURFACE OF RBC ANTIBODIES PRESENT IN BLOOD PLASMA AAB BBA ABA and BNeither A nor B O A and B

7. Friday December 7, 2007SBI3U | A. Manaktola RH Factor Many people also have an Rh factor on the RBC’s surface. This is also an antigen. If Rh antigen is present, you are typed Rh+ A person with Rh- blood, does not have Rh antibodies in their blood plasma. BUT, a person with Rh- blood can DEVELOP Rh antibodies if he/she receives blood from an Rh+ person. A person with Rh+ has no problem receiving blood from an Rh- person

8. Friday December 7, 2007SBI3U | A. Manaktola Agglutination The A antigen and the A antibodies can bind to each other in the same way that the B antigens can bind to the B antibodies. This is what would happen if, for instance, a B blood person receives blood from an A blood person.

9. Friday December 7, 2007SBI3U | A. Manaktola You are a surgical intern at Seattle Grace Hospital working long hours in the ER. Consider the following cases…

10. Friday December 7, 2007SBI3U | A. Manaktola Blood Groups Which blood group would be considered a “Universal Donor”? Which blood group would be considered a “Universal Recipient”?

11. Friday December 7, 2007SBI3U | A. Manaktola Intro To Stem Cells

12. Friday December 7, 2007SBI3U | A. Manaktola Debate Topic Can you fix a broken heart? Embryonic stem cell research is a controversial topic. –While some people believe that research should go on in this field in order to develop cures for many diseases, others believe that it is not ethical to kill embryos – even if it is to save the lives of others. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/3529765.stm http://stemcells.nih.gov/info/scireport/chapter9.asp