1. 15-3b
Nazism and Adolf Hitler

2. Hitler Rises to Power in Germany
1919 Hitler joined a right-wing political group that wanted Germany to overturn the Versailles Treaty
Group names itself—National Socialist German Workers’ Party (NAZI)
Nazis form basis of fascism in Germany

3. Nazi Germany Adopt swastika as symbol
Form militia (brown shirts) who act as storm troopers
Elect Hitler as Fuhrer
Attempt to seize power in Munich failed, Hitler imprisoned; Nazi’ weak
Hitler writes Mein Kampf where he outlines his beliefs and goals for Germany
After release, Hitler revives Nazi Party
Hitler gains national attention when US loans stop during Great Depression

4. Mien Kampf Versailles Treaty is an outrage Hitler’s Declaration
Vows to regain lost land
Germany needs more “lebensraun” or living room due to overcrowding
Promised to get more land by conquering Europe and Russia
Hitler’s Declaration
Aryans (blond blue eyed Germans) to be the “Master Race”
Non-aryans are inferior (Jews, Gypsies, Slavs
Mien Kampf

5. Hitler Becomes Chancellor
Nazis became largest political party in Germany by 1932
Conservative leaders thought they could control Hitler
Hitler named Chancellor in 1933
Hitler called for elections, parliament building burns down
Nazis blamed communists and win elections
Hitler turned Germany into a totalitarian state

6. Hitler takes control of Germany
After election, Nazis take control of economy
Strikes banned
Labor unions dissolved
Gov’t controls biz, labor
Hitler puts nation to work building factories, roads, weapons, serving in army
Unemployment drops sharply

7. The Fuhrer is Supreme Hitler
wanted total control of every aspect of people’s lives
Turns media into propaganda machines
Non-conforming books are burned
Churches forbidden to criticize the gov’t
Hitler Youth Groups
Emphasized continuous struggle for victory
Anti-Semitism gains gov’t support
Nov violence against Jews erupts (Kristallnacht) the start to completely eliminate the Jewish people

8. Other Countries Fall to Dictators
Nations formed after WWI also turn to dictators to solve economic problems
Hungary
Poland
Yugoslavia
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania

9. Democratic Nations in Europe
Only nations with strong traditions of democracy able to hold onto democracy
Britain
France
Scandinavia
By mid 1930s, two opposing groups dominate Europe—democratic and totalitarian states. Totalitarian states are willing to use violence and military aggression to achieve their goals—including eliminating civil rights.

10. Review Questions
Why did leadership of many eastern European countries fall to dictators ?
Why did the movements of fascism and Nazism and leaders like Mussolini and Hitler come to power during the crisis in Europe?
What emotions did Mussolini and Hitler stir up in their followers?
Why did Hitler make children join Nazi youth groups?
What is lebensraum?

11. Complete the following Chart Totalitarian Regimes
Country
Russia
Italy
Germany
Leader
Ruling Party
Methods of Control
Segment of Society under control
Scapegoats

12. Totalitarian Regimes Country Russia Italy Germany Leader Stalin
Mussolini
Hitler
Ruling Party
Communist Party
Fascist Party
NAZI Party
Methods of Control
Secret police, police terror, spy, propaganda, indoctrination,
Censorship Outlawed other political parties, strikes and unions
Secret police,
Censorship, propaganda,
Outlawed other political parties, strikes and unions
Brown shirts, censorship, Youth groups, indoctrination. Outlawed other political parties, strikes and unions
Segment of Society under control
Total private and public control by gov’t
Not total control
Total control
Scapegoats
Russian Orthodox Church, Jews
Versailles Treaty,
workers
non-aryans, jews, slavs, gypsies, Treaty of Versailles