1. PHONETICS Study of the physical properties of speech- sounds – how they are made – how they are heard – how they are transmitted PHONOLOGY Study of the linguistic properties of speech-sounds – how they function in language

2. Articulatory Phonetics Auditory Phonetics Acoustic Phonetics

3. Articulatory Phonetics Auditory Phonetics Acoustic Phonetics

4. phones phonemes allophones

6. phones sounds of language

7. Segments How thin can you slice language? sentence phrase word syllable letter... ?

8. Letters ? cat rat cat cot cat cap

9. minimal pair

10. Letters ? cat coat caught k V t codekeyed k V d right write rite r V t

11. Segments How thin can you slice language? sentence phrase word syllable letter....... phone

12. phones sounds of language

13. phones phonemes allophones

14. catrat catcotcatcot catcap topstop lip milk codecold minimal pairs

15. catrat catcot catcap topstop lip milk codecold significant non-significant predictable non-predictable meaning structure

16. catrat catcot catcap topstop lip milk codecold PHONEMES ALLOPHONES

17. phones sounds of language phonemes significant sound differences allophones non-significant sound differences

18. phoneme allophone / [ ]

19. phoneme allophone

20. Usually, of course, the different ALLOPHONES of the same PHONEME are all similar to each other - they form a FAMILY of sounds. But we mustn't fall into the trap of thinking that ALLOPHONIC difference is small while PHONEMIC difference is large. There is actually no real difference between these differences! We can see this by the fact that the same difference can be allophonic in one language, and phonemic in another. from http://www.hi.is/~peturk/KENNSLA/02/TOP/phonemes.htmlhttp://www.hi.is/~peturk/KENNSLA/02/TOP/phonemes.html

21. seatsheet massivemachine basicnation

22. She is fine as morn in May, mild, divine and clever. Like a shining summer’s day she is mine for ever. Sr. Sigurður Norland í Hindisvík

23. Mitsubishi Subaru

24. phoneme allophone MitsubishiSubaru

26. this theatre

27. think this thought þðþ

28. þessi þýðing