1. Chapter 5
Integumentary System

2. Integumentary System Skin and its appendages
Hair
Nails
Sebaceous glands
Sweat glands
Integumentary means covering
3,000 square inches of surface area

3. Click Here to play Skin animation
Animation – Skin
Click Here to play Skin animation

4. Functions of Skin Covering Regulate body temperature
Manufacture Vitamin D
Nerve receptors

5. Functions of Skin Temporary storage Screen out ultraviolet radiation
Special absorptive properties

6. Structure of the Skin Epidermis Dermis Outermost covering Avascular
True skin
Connective tissue
Vascular

7. Structure of the Skin

8. Epidermal Cells Keratinocytes Merkel cells Melanocytes
Langerhans cells

9. Epidermal Layers Stratum germinativum Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum corneum

10. Dermis Also called corium Thicker, inner layer of the skin
Many nerve receptors
Blood vessels and heat regulation

11. Subcutaneous Layer Also called hypodermal layer Lies under dermis
Not a true part of the integumentary system
Attaches integumentary system to the surface muscles underneath

12. Appendages Hair Root shaft Outer cuticle layer Cortex Inner medulla
Hair follicle
Arrector pili muscle

13. Appendages Nails
Hard structures covering the dorsal surfaces of the last phalanges of the fingers and toes
Nail bed or matrix
Diseases and nail color

14. Appendages Sweat Glands
Also called sudoriferous glands
Perspiration 99% water
Perspiration is excreted through pores
Under the control of the nervous system
500ml water lost per day through skin
Ceruminous or wax glands

15. Sebaceous Glands Secrete sebum which is thick, oily substance
Sebum lubricates the skin, keeping it soft and pliable

16. Microorganisms
Intact skin is the best way to protect itself against pathogens
Most skin bacteria are associated with hair follicles and sweat glands
Handwashing
Most effective action to prevent spread of disease
20 seconds for washing hands
2-4 minutes for infectious material

17. Aging Becomes more fragile and dry Loss of elasticity
Less effective body temperature control
Melanocytes decrease
Physiological changes can impact self-worth

18. Disorders Skin Acne vulgaris Athlete’s foot Dermatitis
Common and chronic disorder of sebaceous glands
Athlete’s foot
Contagious fungal infection
Dermatitis
Inflammation of the skin

19. Disorders Skin Eczema Impetigo Psoriasis
Acute or chronic, noncontagious inflammatory skin disease
Impetigo
Acute, inflammatory, and contagious skin disease
Psoriasis
Chronic inflammatory skin disease (reddish patches covered by silvery-white scales)

20. Disorders Skin Ringworm Urticaria (hives) Boils (carbuncles)
Highly contagious fungal infection
Urticaria (hives)
Intensely itching wheals or welts
Boils (carbuncles)
Painful, bacterial infection of the hair follicles or sebaceous glands

21. Disorders Skin Rosacea Herpes
Common inflammatory disorder (chronic redness and irritation to the face)
Herpes
Viral infection which is usually seen as a blister

22. Disorders Skin Genital herpes Shingle (herpes zoster)
Virus which may appear as a blister in the genital area
Shingle (herpes zoster)
Skin eruption due to a virus infection of the nerve ending

23. Disorders Hair and Nails
Head lice
Parasitic insects
Ingrown nails
Common nail problem

24. Disorders Hair and Nails
Fungal infections
Infections of the nail
Warts
Viral infections that affect the skin surrounding or underneath the nail

25. Skin Cancer Basal cell carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma
Malignant melanoma
Skin and sun exposure

26. Burns Rule of nines First degree burns Second degree burns
Third degree burns

27. Skin Lesions Pressure ulcer (decubitus ulcers) Stage I Stage II
Stage III
Stage IV