1. 박찬주 박윤호 김세녕 마재훈 UNITS 44~46

2. Place and direction UNIT 44

3.  Main points  This includes words like ‘above’, below,’ ‘down’, from’, to ‘towards’ and ‘up’.  You normally use prepositional phrases to say where a person or thing is, or the direction they are moving in.  You can also use adverbs and adverb phrases for place and direction.  Many words are both prepositions and adverbs.

4.  1 to talk about the place:  Ex) above, among,at,behind,below,over, underneath, through…  He stood near the door  Two minutes later we were safely inside the taxi.  2 to talk about the direction:   Ex) across, along back to, down, onto, towards, up, round  They dived into the water. I walked across the street. PREPOSITIONS PREP. + NP

5.  3 Many prepositions can be used both for place and direction.  Ex) The bank is just across the High street.(place)  I walked across the room (direction) We live in the house over the road(place) I stole his keys and escaped over the wall.(direction) 4. You can also use adverbs and adverb phrases for place and direction. Sheila was here a moment ago. Can’t you go upstairs and turn the bedroom light off?

6.  5. Words used as both prepositions and adverbs, with no difference in meaning.  Ex) Did he fall down the stairs?  Please do sit down.  I looked underneath the bed, but the box had gone!  Always put a sheet of paper underneath.

7. Place - ‘at’,’in’, ’on’ UNIT 45

8. You use ’at’ to talk about a place as a point. *at 은 장소를말할때 ‘back’, ‘bottom’, ‘end’, ‘front’, ‘top’ 과 함께 쓰일수 있습니다 Ex) I saw a taxi at the end of the street. 나는 거리의 끝에 있는 택시를 보았다. *at 은 공공장소나 기관에도 쓰입니다 Ex)We landed at a small airport. 우리는 작은 공항에 착륙했다 ’at’

9. You use ‘in’ to talk about a place as an area. *’in’ 은 나라, 도시, 마을, 빌딩을 말할 때 쓰입니다 EX) When I was in Spain, It was terribly cold. 내가 스페인에 있을 때 몹시 추웠다. I’ve been teaching at a college in London. 나는 런던의 대학에서 가르치고 있다. ‘in’

10. You use ‘on’ to talk about a place as a surface. Ex) I sat down on the sofa. 나는 소파 위에 앉았다 *’on’ 은 도로, 철도선, 강 등에도 쓰입니다 Ex) Scrabster is on the north coast. scrabster 는 북쪽 해안에 있다. ‘on’

11. Transport prepositions UNIT 46

12.  This includes phrases like: ‘by bus’, ‘in a car’, ‘on the plane’, and ‘off the train’.  You can use ‘by’ with most forms of transport. I left Walsall in the afternoon and went by bus and train to Nottingham.  You use ‘in’, ‘into’, and ‘out of’ with cars, vans, lorries, taxis, and ambulances. I followed them in my car. TRANSPORT PREPOSITIONS

13.  You normally use ‘on’, ‘onto’, and ‘off’ with other forms of transport, such as buses, coaches, trains, ships, and planes. Why don’t you come on the train with me to New York? Peter Hurd was already on the plane from California.  Warning: If you want to say you walk somewhere, you say you go ‘on foot’. You do not say ‘by foot’.  Marie decided to continue on foot. ON FOOT