1. Phase Changes

2. Kinetic Theory of Matter
Matter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion.

3. What are the 4 states of matter?
Solid
Plasma
Liquid
Gas

4. Solids: Solids have a definite shape and volume
usually organized, crystalline solid
Softer solids will have no pattern, amorphous solid.
packed tightly together
Vibrate in place

5. Particles in Liquids: Liquids have a definite volume
Liquids take the shape of their container.
Liquids are a fluid
Far enough apart to slide over one another
Energy level is greater than in solids

6. Particles in Gases: No definite volume or shape.
Gasses spread out to fill the entire space given.
Can be squeezed together
Particles are very far apart and move freely
Collide frequently
Have LOTS of energy

7. Particles in Plasma:
Plasma is a lot like a gas, but the particles are electrically charged.
Have indefinite shape and volume.
EXTREMELY energetic
Lightning is a plasma.
Used in fluorescent light bulbs and Neon lights.

8. STATES OF MATTER LIQUID PLASMA SOLID GAS
Tightly packed, in a regular pattern
Vibrate, but do not move from place to place
Close together with no regular arrangement.
Vibrate, move about, and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement.
Vibrate and move freely at high speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed of electrical charged particles

9. What is a phase Change?
A change from one state of matter to another
Phase changes are physical changes because they do not affect the chemical make up of a substance.

10. What happens during a phase change?
During a phase change heat energy is either absorbed or released
Heat energy is released as molecules slow down and move closer together- exothermic
Heat energy is absorbed as molecules speed up and expand-endothermic

11. Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
Molecules speed up, move farther apart, and absorb heat energy

12. Freezing Phase Change from a liquid to a solid
Molecule slow down, move closer together and release heat energy.

13. Vaporization (Boiling)
Phase change from a liquid to gas. It occurs at the boiling point of matter.
Molecules speed up, move farther apart, and absorb heat energy.

14. Evaporation
Phase change from a liquid to a gas on the surface of a liquid (type of vaporization).
Molecules speed up, move farther apart, and absorb heat energy.

15. Condensation Phase change from a gas to a liquid.
Molecule slow down, move closer together and release heat energy.

16. Sublimation Phase change from a solid to a gas.
Molecules speed up, move farther apart, and absorb heat energy.

17. Deposition Phase change from a gas to a solid.
Molecules slow down, move closer together and release heat energy.

19. Phase change of water
Why is there no change in temperature during a phase change?
Define melting and boiling point.
What is the melting and boiling point of water?
At what temperature does water freeze and become a solid?