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Constance J. Fournier
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and types of ADHD Basic interventions with ADHD ADHD and the typical comorbidity
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Inattentive symptoms Often fails to give close attention to details, or makes careless mistakes Difficulty sustaining attention in tasks or play (rule governed behavior) Does not seem to listen when spoken to directly
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Inattentive symptoms continued Does not follow through on instructions, fails to finish tasks (not due to oppositional behavior or inability to understand) Difficulty organizing tasks or activities Avoid, dislikes, reluctant to engage in mental effort tasks Often loses necessary things
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Inattention symptoms continued Often distracted by extraneous stimuli Often forgetful in daily activities
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Hyperactivity symptoms Fidgets with hands, feet, squirms in seat Leaves seat when remaining seated is expected Runs or climbs excessively; adolescents report restlessness On the go, driven by a motor Talks excessively
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Impulsivity symptoms Blurts out answers before the question is completed Difficult awaiting turn Interrupts or intrudes on others (butting into conversations or games)
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Inattentive type Hyperactive-Impulsive type Combined type Helps to put on the tri Venn diagram Diagnosed before age 7
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Inattentive/impulsive Hyperactive Combined Not otherwise specified
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Precorrections Two desks Supply paper and pencils Direct questions specifically to the child(say two questions) Allow to give hints
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Developing rapport with students Announce that this is special time Only rules—do something together, no hurting self, others, or objects Let student pick activity Do a running commentary on the actions Do not correct behavior unless it is hurting self, others, or object
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Three people in a group, one is the counselor, one is the observer, and one is the child. Observer: give feedback of what the counselor did well, and what they might do better Game 1: Marcus Game 2: Courtney
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Needs to be safe Needs to be predictable Helpful to most children because across the table eye to eye is very uncomfortable Sit beside or at angle, not directly across if at all possible
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pattern of negative, hostile, defiant behavior often loses temper argues with adults refuses or defies adults’ requests deliberately annoys others blames others for own mistakes touchy and easily annoyed by others angry and resentful spiteful, vindictive
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aggression toward people and animals bullies, threatens, intimidates initiates fights used a weapon that can cause serious harm cruel to people cruel to animals stolen while confronting victim forced sexual activity
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destruction of property, e.g. fire setting deceitfulness or theft, e.g., breaking into a house serious rule violation, e.g. truancy other considerations Impairs social, academic, occupational functioning not other disorders
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Only after age 18 Pattern of disregard for and violation of rights failure to conform to society norms deceitfulness impulsivity, failure to plan ahead irribility, aggressiveness disregard for safety of self or others consistent irresponsibility lack of remorse
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Emotional callousness is being considered for ODD and ASP Inability to take others’ perspective Disregard for feelings or pain caused to others Actions for self
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Parent training (Barkeley Program for Parents) Supportive environment Structure Predictability Contracting
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Precorrections Giving choices Giving hints Using self monitoring
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3. Top: positive 2. Middle: feedback with “I” messages 1. Bottom: positive
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Case 1: Your colleague starts talking about students when you are out for coffee. You like him/her, but know this is a small world. Case 2: You are at an IEP meeting, and a teacher who needs to participate is distracting him/her self and you by constantly texting under the table. He/she is a very good teacher.
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www.chadd.org www.chadd.org Children and adults with Attention Deficit Disorders www.help4adhd.org www.help4adhd.org Combined resources www.nasponline.org www.nasponline.org National Association of School Psychologists www.ed.gov www.ed.gov Department of Education
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www.nichcy.org www.nichcy.org National information center for children and youth with disabilities www.aap.org www.aap.org American Academy of Pediatrics www.apa.org www.apa.org American Psychological Association www.aacap.org www.aacap.org American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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