1. The Etiology of malocclusion
General factors
Local factors
Skeletal factor
Muscle factor
Dental factor

2. Local factors affecting occlusal development
Dr. Ahmed AL-Mayali
B.D.S M.Sc. Ortho.

3. Local factors affecting occlusal development1
Aberrant position of individual teeth 2
Supernumerary teeth 3
Developmental hypodontia 4
The labial frenum 5
Thumb or finger sucking

4. Aberrant developmental position of individual teeth
Upper canine…...lower 3rd molar upper central incisor …...lower central incisor
Trauma
Congenital displaced

6. Aberrant developmental position of upper canine teeth
Why?
Space deficiency…….×

7. Location of the unerupted malpositioned canine
A-Visual examination
B- Palpation
3- Radiography

8. A-Visual examination

9. B- Palpation

10. Radiography 2 Intra-oral (periapical)1
Intra-oral (periapical) 2
Anterior occlusal and oblique occlusal 3
Rotational tomography ( O.P.G ) 4
Postero-anterior and true lateral

13. 1-Removal of the tooth.
2-Alignment into the dental arch with appliances.
3-Immediate repositioning of the tooth by extraction and reimplantation.
4-No treatment.

14. 2- Supernumerary teeth Supplementary teeth Conical teeth
Tuberculate teeth

15. A- Supplementary teeth
Normal form
Extra upper & lower incisors
Effect…………...

16. B- Conical teeth

17. C- Tuberculate teeth Premaxilla Palatal
Delay eruption central incisors
C- Tuberculate teeth

18. 3- Developmental hypodontia

20. The effect of hypodontia on dental occlusion
form …incisors…..coniform & molars
position …..more teeth…….spacing
growth of the jaws.
Basal part
Alveolar part
Vertical ,transverse, anteroposterior

21. 4- The labial frenum

22. causes of upper median diastema
1-low and thick attachment
2-Hypodontia.
3-Proclination of incisors.
4-General spacing.
5-The presence of supernumerary teeth.
6-Ugly duckling stage.

23. Ugly duckling stage

24. Treatment
1-surgery
2-fixed appliance

25. THANK YOU