2. Regional Gliding School

3. Cloud Precipitation Fog Haze Smoke Blowing Snow Blowing Dust Blowing Sand

4. Regional Gliding School Impurities are trapped in the lower levels Drizzle Fog May cause blowing snow, sand or dust

5. Regional Gliding School Visibility –the distance at which prominent objects may be seen and identified by day and prominent lighted objects by night. Flight Visibility –range of visibility forward from the cockpit of an aircraft

6. Regional Gliding School Slant Range Visibility –the distance a pilot can see over the nose of an aircraft towards the ground. Ground Visibility –the visibility at an airport as reported by an accredited observer. Generally considered as visibility at eye level.

7. Regional Gliding School Prevailing Visibility –the distance at which objects of known distance are visible over at least half of the horizon. Runway Visual Range –a mechanical devise measuring changes in light intensity to estimate the visibility near the touch down point or mid point of a runway.

8. Confirmation Stage NOTE: You must use the buttons in the Confirmation Stage

9. Regional Gliding School A B C D Ground Visibility Flight Visibility Let's try a few review questions on Meteorology: Question #1 - The visibility at an airport as reported by an accredited observer is known as. Prevailing Visibility Slant Range Visibility Meteorology Visibility & Ice Accretion

10. I’m afraid that answer is incorrect Let's try again... Flying Scholarship Program

11. I’m afraid that answer is incorrect Let's try again... Flying Scholarship Program

12. I’m afraid that answer is incorrect Let's try again... Flying Scholarship Program

13. That answer is correct. Let's move on...

14. Regional Gliding School A B C D Ground Visibility Flight Visibility Let's try a few review questions on Meteorology: Question #2 - The distance a pilot can see over the nose of the airplane towards the ground is known as. Prevailing Visibility Slant Range Visibility Meteorology Visibility & Ice Accretion

15. I’m afraid that answer is incorrect Let's try again... Flying Scholarship Program

16. I’m afraid that answer is incorrect Let's try again... Flying Scholarship Program

17. I’m afraid that answer is incorrect Let's try again... Flying Scholarship Program

18. That answer is correct. Let's move on...

19. Regional Gliding School In temperatures at or below freezing, supercooled water droplets may strike your aircraft and freeze. This is known as icing. Dangerous icing can occur in clouds, freezing rain, or freezing drizzle.

20. Regional Gliding School Hoar Frost –a white, feathery, crystalline formation that covers the entire surface of the aircraft. –forms by sublimation on cold clear nights –must be removed before take-off since it can increase stall speed and reduce lift –can form in clear air when a cold aircraft enters warmer, damper air during a steep descent –may obscure vision by coating the windshield

21. Regional Gliding School Frozen Dew –sometimes dew will form on an aircraft parked outside at night. If the aircraft skin temperature falls below freezing this dew will freeze –must be removed before take-off

22. Regional Gliding School Rime Ice –an opaque or milky white ice that forms on an a/c –forms by the almost instantaneous freezing of small supercooled water droplets –has no great weight –alters the aerodynamics of the airfoils –chokes off the orifices of the carburetor and the instruments –is very brittle and easily dislodged by de-icing equipment

23. Regional Gliding School Clear Ice –a coating of glass like ice –forms as large supercooled water droplets freeze slowly and spread. –can form a strong, solid sheet of ice which is difficult to dislodge –can increase drag by as much as 300% to 500% –increases the weight of the aircraft –disrupts the smooth airflow over the wings and the tail surfaces decreasing lift –unequal loading may cause vibrations –as large blocks break off, the structure of the aircraft may be impaired

24. Regional Gliding School ØFluids ØReleased on leading edge to flow over the blades of propellers and wing surfaces. ØRubber Boots ØMembranes of rubber attached to the leading edges. They can be made to pulsate in such a way that ice is cracked and broken off after it has already formed. ØHeating Devices ØHeating vulnerable areas with hot air from the engine or special heaters is a method of preventing the buildup of ice.

25. Confirmation Stage NOTE: You must use the buttons in the Confirmation Stage

26. Regional Gliding School A B Hoar Frost Rime Ice An opaque, or milky white ice A white, feathery, crystalline formation that covers the entire surface of an aircraft Let's try a few review questions on Meteorology: Question #3 - Match A B Hoar Frost Rime Ice Meteorology Visibility & Ice Accretion

27. I’m afraid that answer is incorrect Let's try again... Flying Scholarship Program

28. I’m afraid that answer is incorrect Let's try again... Flying Scholarship Program

29. That answer is correct. Let's move on... Try other match

30. Flying Scholarship Program That answer is correct. Let's move on... Try other match

31. Regional Gliding School Congratulations!! You have now completed the Visibility & Ice Accretion lesson of the Meteorology Module. Of course, this lesson is always available to you for future reference if required. You are now ready to move along to the next Meteorology lesson you have not completed or to any other module you wish. You can advance to the Self Test Module if you feel ready to challenge the final exam. Good Luck! Meteorology Visibility & Ice Accretion