1. The First Years of the War 1861-1863

2. Take Five…
Ft. Sumter is MOST significant for being   A) the location of the end of the Civil War.   B) destroyed by the Union when taking Port Royal.   C) the target of General Sherman's March to the Sea.   D) where the first shots of the Civil War were fired.

3. The Art and Science of War
Antoine-Henri Jomini
Art of War
West Point
Position, Maneuver & Concentration
High ground
Occupying major cities
Retreat

4. The Armies Cavalry Artillery Infantry Corps of Engineers
The Quartermaster Corps

5. The typical battle Advancing through grapeshot Hand to hand combat
Smoke and confusion

6. The soldiers Billy Yank and Johnny Reb Conscription Exemptions
Substitutions
Riots
Draft dodgers
Desertion
Bounties

7. Men Present for Duty in the Civil War

8. Ohio Military Service

9. Soldiers’ Occupations: North/South Combined

10. Johnny Reb & Billy Yank

11. Immigrants as a % of a State’s Population in 1860

12. Buy Your Way Out of Military Service

13. Camp Life

14. Army life Drudgery Poor food and shelter Logistical problems
Profiteers
Disease and lack of medical treatment

15. Reasons for Southern Exemptions
Haitian slave revolt (1791)
Denmark Vesey (Freedmen’s revolt (1822-Charleston, SC)
Nat Turner (1831-Southampton, VA)
Propaganda
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
William Lloyd Garrison’s The Liberator
David Walker’s The Appeal

16. The first campaigns 1861 A short and painless war Lincoln’s plan
Bull Run or Battle of Manassas
General McDowell v General Beauregard
The “rebel yell”
“Stonewall” Jackson and Joe Johnston
Southern victory

17. Battle of Bull Run (1st Manassas) July, 1861

18. “Stonewall Jackson”
"If anyone says he heard the rebel yell and wasn't scared, then ,he never heard it." A Northern soldiers comments on the rebel yell given when confederates charged their positions.

19. Preparation Overconfidence in the south Regrouping-Army of the Potomac
General McClellan

20. General George McClellan

21. Differing strategies Northern strategy Winfield Scott’s Anaconda Plan
Defend Washington & Pressure on Richmond
Gain control of the Mississippi Valley
Blockade the south

22. The “Anaconda” Plan

23. George McClellan, Again!
Lincoln’s Generals
Winfield Scott
Joseph Hooker
Ulysses S. Grant
Irwin McDowell
George McClellan
George Meade
Ambrose Burnside
George McClellan, Again!

24. Ulysses S. Grant

25. Southern strategy Foreign allies Great Britain France Napoleon III
Stop Union advances
Foreign allies
Great Britain
France
Napoleon III
King Cotton dethroned
“Cotton diplomacy”
The Trent affair
James Mason & John Slidell
Charles Francis Adams

26. The War in 1862 “Copperheads” Suspension of the right of habeas corpus
Suppression of anti-administration newspapers
The exile of Clement Vallandisham
Defeatism
Southern victories
General Jackson & General Robert E. Lee

27. The Confederate Generals Nathan Bedford Forrest
“Stonewall” Jackson
Nathan Bedford Forrest
George Pickett
Jeb Stuart
James Longstreet
Robert E. Lee

28. General Robert E. Lee

29. Western campaign-A shift in the war
General Halleck & General Ulysses S. Grant
Battle of Shiloh Church
General Albert Sydney Johnston
General Buell
The War at Sea
Threatening the blockade
The Merrimack (The Virginia)
The Monitor

30. The Monitor vs. the Merrimac
The Battle of the Ironclads, March, 1862
The Monitor vs. the Merrimac

31. Damage on the Deck of the Monitor

32. Munitions Confederates Union-Army of the Potomac General McClellan
Springfield repeating rifle
Political differences

33. McClellan: I Can Do It All!

34. The Peninsula Campaign
McClellan attempts to take Richmond
Lee bluffs
2nd Battle of Manassas
Davis encourages Northern victories
Battle of Antietam
Lee’s army escapes to Virginia

35. War in the East:

36. Calvary…Jeb Stuart, Nathan Bedford Forrest etc…

37. Lincoln Visits Antietam

38. Battle of Antietam “Bloodiest Single Day of the War”
September 17, 1862
23,000 casualties

39. Emancipation Emancipation Proclamation January 1, 1863
Enlisting in the army
British neutrality

40. Emancipation in 1863

41. The Emancipation Proclamation

42. The Southern View of Emancipation

43. Radical Republican support
Stalemate

44. 54th Massachusetts Col Robert Gould Shaw
Recruited by white abolitionists
“death sentence” by the Confederacy
James Island, SC
Fort Wagner, Charleston, SC
Fort Pillow

45. African-American Recruiting Poster

46. The Famous 54th Massachusetts

47. August Saint-Gaudens Memorial to Col. Robert Gould Shaw

48. African-Americans in Civil War Battles

49. Black Troops Freeing Slaves