1. Chapter 2 The American Colonies Emerge
Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Chapter 2 The American Colonies Emerge

2. Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Daily Question(s)
List reasons why colonizing the New World was so attractive to European nations.
How were the Spaniards able to conquer the Native American people?

4. Building a Spanish Empire
Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Building a Spanish Empire
Conquistadors – men eager for personal glory and material gain
Searched Central and South America for silver and gold
Spread the word of God
Early success of finding riches boosts Spains coffers. Spain extremely aggressive (Spanish Armada). Other nations fear their power so begin exploring for riches as well Martin Luther (German monk) leads a revolt against the Catholic Church and questions authority of the pope. Thought church was corrupt and materialistic. Protested…Protestant religon. Splits because of no unifying power but spread through europe. Spain remains fiercly Catholic and seeks to spread Catholisim

5. Hernan Cortes Arrives in Mexico
Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Hernan Cortes Arrives in Mexico
A Spanish expedition consisting of 11 ships set sail westward in hopes of expanding the Empire.
Used his personal wealth to finance the trip
Cortes emptied his personal wealth and poured it into the trip. He mortgaged his lands. He called on friends to both help prepare for the trip and to join his small army.

6. Hernan Cortes Arrives in Mexico
Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Hernan Cortes Arrives in Mexico
1519 Cortes’ armada arrived at Veracruz
Montezuma (Aztec Leader) sent envoys to greet the Spaniards
The Spaniard fired shots to intimidate the greeting party

7. Hernan Cortes Arrives in Mexico
Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Hernan Cortes Arrives in Mexico
Reports went back to Montezuma, saying: "The noise weakened one, dizzied one. Something like a stone came out of their weapons in a shower of fire and sparks. The smoke was foul; it had a sickening, fetid smell."
Another message characterized the visitors as people with "very light skin, much lighter than ours. They all have long beards, and their hair comes only to their ears"

8. Hernan Cortes Arrives in Mexico
Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Hernan Cortes Arrives in Mexico
The envoys also described the visitors, who traveled on horseback, as beasts with "two heads and six legs“

9. Cortes Subdues the Aztec
Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Cortes Subdues the Aztec
Aztec leader, Montezuma thought Cortes was a god, gave Cortes a portion of the Aztec gold

10. Cortes Subdues the Aztec
Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Cortes Subdues the Aztec
Possessed technological advantage and defeated the Aztec
Cortes's victory in Mexico transformed Spain into the richest nation in world in the 1500s.

11. Exploring Florida 1513 Juan Ponce de Leon
Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Exploring Florida
1513 Juan Ponce de Leon
Searching for the legendary fountain of youth
1521 died due to injuries suffered when fighting Native Americans

12. Exploring Florida Hernando De Soto
Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Exploring Florida
Hernando De Soto
In 1539, de Soto’s conquistadors crossed present-day Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, and Arkansas.
St. Augustine – 1st permanent European settlement in the New World.

13. Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Exploring Florida
Spanish abandoned exploration in 1562, disease, starvation, and natives

14. Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Seven Cities of Cibola
1540 Francisco Vasquez de Coronado searched for riches in present day Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas
found nothing in two years
Believed by early Spanish explorers to contain vast treasures

15. New Mexico Juan de Oñate
Spain’s Empire in the Americas
New Mexico
Juan de Oñate
established the colony of New Mexico, with Santa Fe as the capital (after 1607)

16. Desire of the Spanish monarchy to spread the word of God
Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Desire of the Spanish monarchy to spread the word of God
Priests were to teach natives “trades and skills with which they might live richly”
Priests learned native languages and baptized natives

17. Encomienda Encomienda
Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Encomienda
Encomienda
a system in which Spanish authorities granted colonial landlords the service of Native Americans as forced laborers.

18. Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Encomienda
Natives farmed, ranched, or mined for Spanish landlords, who had received the rights to their labor from Spanish authorities.

19. Castas - racial hierarchy
Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Castas - racial hierarchy
Spaniards
Mestizo
Indians

20. Resistance to the Spanish
Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Resistance to the Spanish
The Catholic missionaries who settled north of Mexico not only tried to Christianize the peoples they encountered but also attempted to impose Spanish culture on them.

21. Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Conflict in New Mexico
Spanish priests suppressed many of their ceremonial dances and rituals.

22. Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Conflict in New Mexico
During the 1670s, priests and soldiers around Santa Fe began forcing Native Americans to help support the missions by paying an offering of either goods or services.

23. Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Pueblo Revolt
One unfortunate Native American who felt the sting of a Spanish whip was the Pueblo religious leader, Pope’.
The priest punished Pope’ for his worship practices, which they interpreted as witchcraft.

24. Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Pueblo Revolt
In 1680, he led a well-organized uprising against the Spanish that involved some 17,000 warriors from villages all over New Mexico.
Taos Pueblo

25. Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Pueblo Revolt
Destroyed Catholic churches, executed priests, and drove the Spaniards back into New Spain.

26. Spain’s Empire in the Americas
Pueblo Revolt
For the next 14 years- the southwest region of the future United States once again belonged to the original inhabitants.

27. In – Class/HW Spanish Explorers in North America Map Turn to page 36
Spain’s Empire in the Americas
In – Class/HW
Spanish Explorers in North America Map
Turn to page 36
Complete as much as possible from the map – you will need to use other resources to finish the map/questions