1. Chapter 21
The Nature of Sound
Preview
CRCT Preparation

2. Chapter 21
CRCT Preparation
1. During a laboratory investigation, Aaron used an oscilloscope to create graphs of sounds that he produced using tuning forks. Which of these four graphs represents the sound that has the lowest volume?
A graph 1
B graph 2
C graph 3
D graph 4

3. Chapter 21
CRCT Preparation
1. During a laboratory investigation, Aaron used an oscilloscope to create graphs of sounds that he produced using tuning forks. Which of these four graphs represents the sound that has the lowest volume?
A graph 1
B graph 2
C graph 3
D graph 4

4. Chapter 21
CRCT Preparation
2. Which of these graphs represents the sound that has the lowest pitch?
A graph 1
B graph 2
C graph 3
D graph 4

5. Chapter 21
CRCT Preparation
2. Which of these graphs represents the sound that has the lowest pitch?
A graph 1
B graph 2
C graph 3
D graph 4

6. Chapter 21
CRCT Preparation
3. If you were conducting an experiment to determine the speed of sound through water, which of the following factors should you keep constant?
A the source of the sound
B the amplitude of the sound wave
C the loudness of the sound
D the temperature of the water

7. Chapter 21
CRCT Preparation
3. If you were conducting an experiment to determine the speed of sound through water, which of the following factors should you keep constant?
A the source of the sound
B the amplitude of the sound wave
C the loudness of the sound
D the temperature of the water

8. Chapter 21
CRCT Preparation
4. Cletus wants to make ear protectors for people who work around loud jet engines at Hartsfield Airport in Atlanta. Which of the following materials should he experiment with for the best results?
A a material that amplifies sound
B a material that absorbs sound
C a material that transmits sound
D a material that produces sound

9. Chapter 21
CRCT Preparation
4. Cletus wants to make ear protectors for people who work around loud jet engines at Hartsfield Airport in Atlanta. Which of the following materials should he experiment with for the best results?
A a material that amplifies sound
B a material that absorbs sound
C a material that transmits sound
D a material that produces sound
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

10. Chapter 21
CRCT Preparation
5. Which of the following statements about what happens when a guitar is played is true?
A The strings of the guitar are compressed.
B Particles of air move away from the guitar in all directions.
C A longitudinal sound wave moves away from the guitar.
D Sound moves away from the guitar in a single direction.

11. Chapter 21
CRCT Preparation
5. Which of the following statements about what happens when a guitar is played is true?
A The strings of the guitar are compressed.
B Particles of air move away from the guitar in all directions.
C A longitudinal sound wave moves away from the guitar.
D Sound moves away from the guitar in a single direction.

12. Chapter 21
CRCT Preparation
6. Jesse walked into a large, dark room and yelled “Hello!” She heard a loud echo of the word almost immediately. Which of the following is a valid conclusion that Jesse could draw from her observations?
A She produced sound waves that reflected off of the walls of the room.
B She produced sound waves that created a sonic boom.
C She produced sound waves that destructively interfered with each other.
D She produced sound waves that demonstrated the Doppler effect.

13. Chapter 21
CRCT Preparation
6. Jesse walked into a large, dark room and yelled “Hello!” She heard a loud echo of the word almost immediately. Which of the following is a valid conclusion that Jesse could draw from her observations?
A She produced sound waves that reflected off of the walls of the room.
B She produced sound waves that created a sonic boom.
C She produced sound waves that destructively interfered with each other.
D She produced sound waves that demonstrated the Doppler effect.

14. Chapter 21 CRCT Preparation
7. According to the table, which of the following statements about the speed of sound is true?
A The frequency of a sound wave traveling through hydrogen is higher than the frequency of that wave traveling through helium.
B The amplitude of a sound wave traveling through helium is greater than the amplitude of that wave traveling through oxygen.
C The speed of a sound wave traveling through hydrogen is greater than the speed of that wave traveling through oxygen.
D The pitch of a sound wave traveling through oxygen is higher than the pitch of that wave traveling through hydrogen.

15. Chapter 21 CRCT Preparation
7. According to the table, which of the following statements about the speed of sound is true?
A The frequency of a sound wave traveling through hydrogen is higher than the frequency of that wave traveling through helium.
B The amplitude of a sound wave traveling through helium is greater than the amplitude of that wave traveling through oxygen.
C The speed of a sound wave traveling through hydrogen is greater than the speed of that wave traveling through oxygen.
D The pitch of a sound wave traveling through oxygen is higher than the pitch of that wave traveling through hydrogen.

16. Chapter 21
CRCT Preparation
8. Which statement best describes what happens in the inner ear?
A Electrical signals are interpreted.
B Sound waves enter the ear and are channeled through the ear canal.
C Sound waves are amplified by the hammer, anvil, and stirrup.
D Sound vibrations are turned into electrical signals.

17. Chapter 21
CRCT Preparation
8. Which statement best describes what happens in the inner ear?
A Electrical signals are interpreted.
B Sound waves enter the ear and are channeled through the ear canal.
C Sound waves are amplified by the hammer, anvil, and stirrup.
D Sound vibrations are turned into electrical signals.

18. Chapter 21 CRCT Preparation
9. You hear a single note played on a violin and the sound of a firecracker exploding. Why is one sound considered music while the other is considered noise?
A The violin produces a soft sound, but the firecracker produces a loud sound.
B The violin produces sound waves that travel in a single direction, but the firecracker produces sound waves that spread out in all directions.
C The violin produces a sound wave that has a repeating pattern, but the firecracker produces a complex sound wave that has no repeating pattern.
D The violin produces a sound wave that has a high frequency, but the firecracker produces a sound wave that has a low frequency.

19. Chapter 21 CRCT Preparation
9. You hear a single note played on a violin and the sound of a firecracker exploding. Why is one sound considered music while the other is considered noise?
A The violin produces a soft sound, but the firecracker produces a loud sound.
B The violin produces sound waves that travel in a single direction, but the firecracker produces sound waves that spread out in all directions.
C The violin produces a sound wave that has a repeating pattern, but the firecracker produces a complex sound wave that has no repeating pattern.
D The violin produces a sound wave that has a high frequency, but the firecracker produces a sound wave that has a low frequency.

20. Chapter 21
CRCT Preparation
10. LaToya generated a longitudinal wave within a coiled-spring toy to model a sound wave. What is a limitation of LaToya’s model?

21. Chapter 21
CRCT Preparation
10. Answer - Full-credit answers should include the following point:
• A sound wave travels in all directions at once, while the wave in a coiled-spring toy travels in only one direction.

22. Chapter 21
CRCT Preparation
11. Describe the Doppler effect. When might you observe the Doppler effect?

23. Chapter 21 CRCT Preparation
11. Answer - Full-credit answers should include the following points:
• The Doppler effect is the observed change in the frequency of a wave when the source or observer is moving.
• For sound waves, the observed change occurs in the pitch of the note produced.
• You might observe the Doppler effect whenever a source of sound passes you, such as when a police car with its siren on passes you. The pitch of the siren seems to change as the car speeds by.
• You might also observe the Doppler effect whenever you move past a source of sound, such as when you ride past a clanging railroad crossing alarm.