1. MODAL PERFECTS MODAL VERB + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE To talk about past events

2. MODAL PERFECTS CAN’T HAVE + P P  to express an impossibility in the past I can’t have made a good impression because he hasn’t phoned. COULD HAVE + P P  to suggest an alternative past action, even though it is now too late We could have invited her to the party, but we all forgot.

3. MODAL PERFECTS COULD / MAY / MIGHT HAVE + P P  to talk about something that was possible in the past They might / may / could have broken up. MUST HAVE + P P  to express a certainty or to make a logical deduction about the past He must have felt terrible when he saw how upset she was.

4. MODAL PERFECTS SHOULD HAVE + P P  to give an opinion about past events, even though it is now too late I was worried – he should have called me. SHOULDN’T HAVE + P P  to express regret or criticism about past events You shouldn’t have lied to me!!!

5. . Choose the correct answer. I’m angry because Peggy took my bike without asking. She should have / might have asked me. We’ve got a car, but we decided to walk. We must have / could have driven. John is late. I don’t know what happened to him. He may have / would have missed his bus. Sara didn’t wish me a happy birthday. She must have / should have forgotten my birthday. Why didn’t you ask me? I should have / would have helped you. Now, John is angry with me. I shouldn’t have / might not have told everyone his secret.

6. . Choose the correct answer. I’m angry because Peggy took my bike without asking. She should have / might have asked me. We’ve got a car, but we decided to walk. We must have / could have driven. John is late. I don’t know what happened to him. He may have / would have missed his bus. Sara didn’t wish me a happy birthday. She must have / should have forgotten my birthday. Why didn’t you ask me? I should have / would have helped you. Now, John is angry with me. I shouldn’t have / might not have told everyone his secret.

7. . Choose the correct answer. I’m angry because Peggy took my bike without asking. She should have / might have asked me. We’ve got a car, but we decided to walk. We must have / could have driven. John is late. I don’t know what happened to him. He may have / would have missed his bus. Sara didn’t wish me a happy birthday. She must have / should have forgotten my birthday. Why didn’t you ask me? I should have / would have helped you. Now, John is angry with me. I shouldn’t have / might not have told everyone his secret.

8. . Choose the correct answer. I’m angry because Peggy took my bike without asking. She should have / might have asked me. We’ve got a car, but we decided to walk. We must have / could have driven. John is late. I don’t know what happened to him. He may have / would have missed his bus. Sara didn’t wish me a happy birthday. She must have / should have forgotten my birthday. Why didn’t you ask me? I should have / would have helped you. Now, John is angry with me. I shouldn’t have / might not have told everyone his secret.

9. . Choose the correct answer. I’m angry because Peggy took my bike without asking. She should have / might have asked me. We’ve got a car, but we decided to walk. We must have / could have driven. John is late. I don’t know what happened to him. He may have / would have missed his bus. Sara didn’t wish me a happy birthday. She must have / should have forgotten my birthday. Why didn’t you ask me? I should have / would have helped you. Now, John is angry with me. I shouldn’t have / might not have told everyone his secret.

10. . Choose the correct answer. I’m angry because Peggy took my bike without asking. She should have / might have asked me. We’ve got a car, but we decided to walk. We must have / could have driven. John is late. I don’t know what happened to him. He may have / would have missed his bus. Sara didn’t wish me a happy birthday. She must have / should have forgotten my birthday. Why didn’t you ask me? I should have / would have helped you. Now, John is angry with me. I shouldn’t have / might not have told everyone his secret.

11. . Choose the correct answer. I’m angry because Peggy took my bike without asking. She should have / might have asked me. We’ve got a car, but we decided to walk. We must have / could have driven. John is late. I don’t know what happened to him. He may have / would have missed his bus. Sara didn’t wish me a happy birthday. She must have / should have forgotten my birthday. Why didn’t you ask me? I should have / would have helped you. Now, John is angry with me. I shouldn’t have / might not have told everyone his secret.