1. Operation Barbarossa, Stalingrad and Leningrad
Ryan Pitney, Ranjan Mithal, Alex Fleming, Sidney Hershey, Sanket Katta
Operation Barbarossa, Stalingrad and Leningrad

2. The Short Version Hitler forgot to pack a winter coat.
Paulus: “Mein Führer, maybe this wasn’t a good idea.”
Hitler: “You’ll be fine, ja!”

3. The Long Version (Thesis)
Hitler’s pride in capturing Stalingrad was the reason he would lose it. When the Russian armies surrounded the city, he refused to allow his commander to retreat and concede ground to the Soviets, leading to the surrender of Nazi forces inside the city. This broke the momentum of Operation Barbarossa and created a turning point in the war that allowed the Russians to break through and continue their advance to Berlin, which led to an eventual Nazi defeat.

4. And no one cared about Leningrad.

5. Axis Leaders Erich von Manstein
“Perhaps the most talented German field commander
in World War 2”
Commanded the 56th Panzer Corps
Nearly captured Leningrad
Friedrich Paulus
The army he commanded attacked Stalingrad
Asked Hitler to let them retreat when Nazis were losing
Surrendered January 31st, 1943

6. More Axis Leaders Carl Gustaf Mannerheim President of Finland
Commander-in-Chief during Winter War
Joined the Nazis to get back land from Russia
Gerd von Rundstedt
Held commands on both Eastern and Western Fronts
Led the breakthrough that sealed France’s fate
One of the most able officers of Germany
Commanded the German southern wing
Wilhelm von Leeb
Army group played a major part in defeating defenders in the Maginot line
Primary task was Leningrad

7. Don’t let them near your children. (Pitney Moses…)
Carl Gustaf Mannerheim
Gerd von Rundstedt
Wilhelm von Leeb

8. Allied Leaders Semyon Timoshenko Georgy Zhukov Modernized Russian army
Fought German forces at Leningrad
Georgy Zhukov
Saved Moscow in Barbarossa
‘Destroyed’ the German forces at Stalingrad

9. We would hate being Russian Generals...

10. The German Advance

11. Operation Barbarossa Codename for the Nazi Invasion of Soviet Russia.
Commenced on June 22, 1941
Poor planning of the invasion was the biggest factor in Nazi defeat, i.e, winter.

12. Operation Barbarossa (contd.)
Went against the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact
3.6 million Axis troops were mobilized.

13. Timeline Jun. 22, 1941: Operation Barbarossa begins.
Axis forces divided in 3
Jul. 3, 1941: Stalin orders a Scorched Earth.
Jul. 17, 1941: 300,000 Russian troops near Smolensk are captured.
Sep. 5, 1941: 4 Russian Armies are trapped in Kiev.
Sep. 7, 1941: Russia withdraws from Kiev.
Sep. 8, 1941: Leningrad encircled, siege begins.
Sep. 26, 1941: “Operation Typhoon,” capture of Moscow.
Oct. 23, 1941: Fins invade Russia on the side of the Nazis, but stopped after 15 days.
Dec. 5, 1941: Russian counterattack launched.
Dec. 9, 1941: First supplies enter Leningrad.
May 15, 1942: Russians give up front in Crimea.
Jun. 30, 1942: After 1 month of fighting, Sebastopol falls to the Germans.
Aug. 19, 1942: Germans begin assaulting Stalingrad.
Oct. 4, 1942: Fourth German assault.
Oct. 14, 1942: Hitler orders a defensive stance on the Russian Front.
Early Nov. 1942: Preparations for Plan Uranus
Nov. 19, 1942: Russians begin to retake Stalingrad
Nov. 23, 1942: Russians surround 330,000 German troops.
Jan, 31, 1943: Field Marshal Paulus and the German VI Army surrender.

14. Simple Timeline

15. And then Leningrad ended a year later.
Just pretend that you care about it.

16. Warning! Graphic Images!

17. The Siege of Leningrad The 900 day siege
Began Sept , until Jan. 27, 1944
German forces encircled the city, cutting off communications and supplies, along with artillery and air bombardment.

18. Leningrad cont. City had no heat, water, or food.
Russia only had “ice and water road” for supplies until January 1943
Siege ended January 27, 1944 when approaching Soviet forces caused a German retreat.

19. Leningrad cont.

20. Statistics: Leningrad
During December of 1941 over 52,000 had died.
According to city resources, starvation and cold accounted for an average of 1,600 deaths per day.
The official death toll for the siege in it’s entirety is approximately 632,000 casualties.
Some historians argue that the death toll is closer to 1 million.

21. The Turning Point
(it was Stalingrad)
“I’m FABULOUS!”

22. Statistics: Stalingrad
Russian army led by Zhukov
1,000,500 men
13,541 artillery guns
894 tanks
1,115 planes
Germans led by Paulus
1,011,500 men
10,290 artillery guns
675 tanks
1,216 planes

23. Battle of Stalingrad Sept 1, 1942 - Feb 2, 1943
Germans condemned it as the Rat War
Cited as first major Nazi loss and one of the turning points in favor for the allies
The battle for the city descended into one of the bloodiest battles in WWII
Individual streets were fought over hand to hand combat

24. More Stalingrad Neither side wanted to surrender
Hitler because he didn’t want to give up land
Stalin because it was called Stalingrad
Zhukov surrounds the city with a million soldiers
Paulus has an opportunity to escape, asks Hitler
Hitler says ‘no shut up’
Promotes Paulus to Field Marshal to encourage him
Germans fail, Russia wins the battle
Paulus forced to surrender
Hitler angry, demotes him

25. Effects of Stalingrad Major moral loss for Germany
Entire army group lost with 91,000 Germans prisoner
Large loss of equipment and manpower
Didn’t allow them to fight back against the Russian advance that followed.

26. Casualties:Battle of Stalingrad

27. Works Cited
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