1. High Performance Manufactured Homes Provisional UES Proposal Presentation to the Regional Technical Forum May 15, 2012 Project Sponsor: Bonneville Power Administration Presentation by: Ben Larson, Ecotope and Tom Hewes, Northwest Energy Works

2. Overview / Review Measure first presented at last RTF meeting (4/17/2012) Discussed baseline, energy use / savings, and costs Lacked complete plan to move measure from provisional to active status – This presentation reviews last month’s and concludes with a plan 2

3. Measure Summary Measure name: High Performance Manufactured Homes (HPMH) Measure sponsor: Bonneville Power Administration Measure description: – Construction of new, manufactured homes in accordance with the High Performance Manufactured Home Specification Measure type: UES Requesting Status: Approved Change in measure status: Yes (proposed  provisional) Change in measure savings: No Change in measure cost effectiveness: No Other or follow-on work for RTF: No 3

4. Review: Uo Baseline Specifications “HUD+” is the current NW baseline based on current market research by WSU and NEW – The “HUD+” baseline is a better performer than the Federal standard due to decades of market transformation in the PNW All costs and savings are made relative to the “HUD+” baseline 4 Northwest Specific Uo Values TypeCommentsUo HUD Federal Maximum0.079 “HUD+” Northwest Baseline0.065 NEEM Northwest Energy Efficient Manufactured Home0.054 HPMH High Performance Manufactured Home (Super NEEM)0.040

5. Manufactured Homes Specifications Review ComponentUnits Baseline "HUD+" NEEM HPMH "Super NEEM" Envelope CeilingR-ValueR22R38R45 WallR-ValueR11 -- R21R21 R21 + R5 Foam Sheathing Window U-ValueU-Value0.40.340.22 Glazing % of CFA12% DoorU-Value0.2 FloorR-ValueR19R33R38 InfiltrationACH 504.83.93.0 VentilationExhaust FanMarket BaseEnergyStar UoBtu/hr-ft 2 -°F0.0650.0540.040 HVAC Heating System Electric FAF DHP HSPF 10 & Wall Heaters Cooling System none DHP SEER 20 Supply Duct Leakage% system flow12.5%5%No Ducts Return Duct Leakage% system flowNone - Interior No Ducts DHW Water HeaterEF0.9 EF0.93 EFHPWH Shower Headgpm2.5 1.75 Lighting LPDW/ft 2 1.4 0.6 Appliances Dishwasher Market Base EnergyStar Refrigerator Market Base EnergyStar 5

6. UES Analysis Summary Refer to Measure Workbook

7. Analysis Approach (1) Lighting calculated with LPD method Appliance savings from existing RTF measures Calibrated SEEM runs for estimating – heating, cooling, ventilation, and DHW DHW energy use – Parallel analysis to HPWH presented in 2011

8. Analysis Approach (2) Heating, cooling, ventilation, and DHW energy use calculated with SEEM – DHP Modeling methodology from NEEA Ductless Heat Pump Impact & Process Evaluation: Field Metering Report Field findings: DHP heats differing house fraction based on climate – HZ1: 74%, HZ2: 63%, HZ3: 45% Calibrated SEEM to pre/post DHP installation periods at 91 houses – Unique simulations created for each house based on detailed audits – Note: energy uses here not reflective of DHP program savings – they are only applicable here as a calibration exercise – HPWH Modeling based on SEEM simulated annual crawl space temperature profile and HPWH COP map HPWH installed in sound-attenuated, buffered closet which draws air from crawl space and exhausts outdoors 8 Method Heating Energy Use (kWh/yr) N MeanSD Pre-Installation Billing Data9347389291 Pre-Installation SEEM 66.8°F Setpoint 9331413591 Post-Installation Metered Data6484389491 Post-Installation SEEM 69.5°F Setpoint6466315191

9. Modeled Crawl Space Air Temperature Crawl space is source of air for HPWH closet SEEM model of 1568 ft 2 HPMH – 4.5 ACH crawl (350 cfm continuous) – likely worst case airflow and temperature – the air in the closet will be warmer due to tank heat loss – R38 floor, no ducts 9

10. Measure Cost by Category CategoryNotes2011 $s2006 $s Measure Life (yrs) Annual O&M (2006 $s) EnvelopeMajority from Walls and Windows $ 4,277 $ 3,81645 $ - Air Sealing & Ventilation Whole House Exhaust Fan $ 50 $ 4520 $ - HVAC System DHP & Resistance Wall Htrs. (less cost of furnace and duct system) $ 4,701 $ 4,19420 $ - Domestic Hot Water Heat Pump Water Heater $ 1,110 $ 99115 $ 26 LightingCompact and Linear Flourescents $ 117 $ 1058 $ (13) AppliancesDishwasher & Refrigerator $ 62 $ 5516 $ - Total $ 10,318 $ 9,205 10 Sunset Criteria: – Measure shall sunset at the end of 2014, at which time the lighting savings UES component of the measure shall be reevaluated against the changing federal lighting standards.

11. Results

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13. Energy Use, Savings, and B/C Ratio 13 ClimatesTotal Annual Energy Use (kWh/yr)Savings (kWh/yr) (yrs) HeatingCooling Baseline "HUD+" NEEM HPMH "Super NEEM" HPMH to Baseline B/C Ratio Measure Life HZ1CZ115,83612,9577,6688,1681.937 HZ1CZ215,83612,9577,7718,0661.837 HZ1CZ315,83612,9577,9357,9021.836 HZ2CZ119,59715,5679,23910,3582.339 HZ2CZ219,59715,5679,33610,2612.339 HZ2CZ319,59715,5679,49510,1022.338 HZ3CZ122,55817,57011,14711,4112.639 HZ3CZ222,55817,57011,23511,3232.639 HZ3CZ322,55817,57011,38011,1792.539

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15. Energy Use by Load Significant reductions in space heating, water heating, and lighting over both “HUD+” baseline and NEEM. – Big savings from wall sheathing, triple-glazed windows, DHPs, HPWH, and lighting improvements 15

16. Moving from Provisional to Active Status Open analytical questions include DHP and HPWH savings – Shell, lighting, and appliance all use previously approved analyses – The RTF and other regional organizations are already pursuing questions related to DHP (due soon) & HPWH (due a bit later) savings Efforts should result in enough information to model DHPs and HPWHs in manufactured houses – Special question regarding HPWH inlet air temperature – air drawn from crawlspace into HPWH closet and then exhausted outside Proposed plan to measure temperature at 10 sites: – crawl space, outside, & HPWH closet temperature – select sites across heating zones – measurements will inform inlet temperature for modeling After DHP & HPWH analyses have been resolved; HPWH inlet air T measured; and Federal Lighting standards updated, the measure will be revised and moved to active status. 16

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18. Motion for Approval “I _________ move that the RTF approve the UES for High Performance Manufactured Homes with provisional status which will sunset at the end of 2014.” 18

19. Contacts Northwest Energy Works Tom Hewes tom@northwestenergyworks.com 888.370.3277 x101 Brady Peaks brady@northwestenergyworks.com 888.370.3277 x102 19 Bonneville Power Administration Mark Johnson mejohnson@bpa.gov 503.230.7669 Ecotope Ben Larson ben@ecotope.com 206.322.3753 x207

20. Extras Follow 20

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22. 22 SEEM Modeled: - 4.5 ACH in Crawl - HPMH Spec Floor (no ducts, R38) TMY3 Data: