1. Anatomy Review Cat Muscles
Written by Eduardo Alvarez & Roberto Martinez
Students of Professor Gonsalves’ LACC Anatomy 1 Class

2. MUSCLES OF MASTICATION

3. Masseter Origin: Insertion: Action: Zygomatic Bone Mandible
Elevates Mandible

4. Temporalis Origin: Insertion: Action: Temporal Bone Mandible
Elevates and Retracts Mandible

5. Digastric Origin: Insertion: Action:
Occipital Bone and Mastoid Process
Insertion:
Mandible
Action:
Depresses Lower Jaw

6. Mylohyoid Origin: Insertion: Action: Mandible Hyoid Bone
Raises Floor of Mouth and Pulls Hyoid Forward

7. NECK MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE HEAD

8. Sternomastoid (only in cats)
Origin:
Sternum
Insertion:
Mastoid Process
Action:
Turns and Depresses Head

9. Cleido- mastoid Origin: Insertion: Action: Clavicle Mastoid Process
Pulls Head Laterally and Pulls Clavicle Craniad

10. MUSCLES OF HYOID, LAYRNX, & TONGUE

11. Sternohyoid Origin: Insertion: Action: First Rib (Intercostal)
Hyoid Bone
Action:
Pulls Hyoid Caudally, Raises Ribs and Sternum

12. Sternothyroid Origin: Insertion: Action: First Rib (Intercostal)
Larynx
Action:
Pulls Larynx Caudal (down)

13. Thyrohyoid Origin: Insertion: Action: Thyroid Cartilage of Larynx
Hyoid Bone
Action:
Raises Larynx

14. Geniohyoid (deep to Mylohyoid)
Origin:
Mandible
Insertion:
Hyoid Bone
Action:
Pulls Hyoid Craniad (up)

15. MUSCLES THAT ATTACH PECTORAL APPENDAGES TO THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN

16. Trapezius Origin: Insertion: Action:
Occipital Bone and Cervical and Thoracic Vertebrae
Insertion:
Scapula and clavicle
Action:
Raises Clavicle, Adducts, Elevates and Depresses Scapula

17. Latissimus Dorsi Origin: Insertion: Action:
Thoracic and Lumbar Vertebrae
Insertion:
Humerus
Action:
Pulls Arm Dorsad (back) and Caudad (down)

18. RhomboideusCapitis Origin: Insertion: Action: Lamboidal Ridge Scapula
Pulls Scapula Craniad (up)

19. Rhomboideus Minor capitis Origin: Insertion: Action:
Thoracic Vertebrae
Insertion:
Scapula
Action:
Pulls scapula dorsally and medially

20. Rhomboideus Major capitis Origin: Insertion: Action:
Thoracic Vertebrae
Insertion:
Scapula
Action:
Pulls Scapula Dorsally (toward back) and Medially (towards midline)

21. Levator Scapulae Ventralis
Origin:
Occipital Bone and Atlas (C1)
Insertion:
Scapula
Action:
Pulls Scapula Craniad (toward head)

22. MUSCLES THAT ATTACH PECTORAL APPENDAGES TO VENTRAL AND BODY WALL

23. Pectoante- brachialis (cat only)
Origin:
Sternum
Insertion:
Forearm (proximal end)
Action:
Adducts Arm

24. Pectoralis Major Origin: Insertion: Action: Sternum Humerus
Adducts Arm

25. Pectoralis Minor Origin: Insertion: Action: Sternum Humerus
Adducts Arm

26. Xiphi-humeralis (cat only)
Origin:
Xiphoid Process
Insertion:
Humerus
Action:
Adducts Arm

27. Serratus Ventralis Origin: Insertion: Action: First 10 Ribs Scapula
Pulls Scapula Forward & Depresses Scapula

28. MUSCLES OF THE SHOULDER

29. (Deltoid) Clavodeltoid
Origin:
Clavicle and Clavotrapezius muscle
Insertion:
Humerus
Action:
Flexes Forearm

30. (Deltoid) Acromio- deltoid
Origin:
Scapula
Insertion:
Humerus
Action:
Flexes Humerus and Rotates it Outward

31. (Deltoid) Spinodeltoid
Origin:
Scapula
Insertion:
Humerus
Action:
Flexes Humerus and Rotates it Outward

32. Supraspinatus Origin: Insertion: Action: Scapula Humerus
Extends Humerus

33. Infra-spinatus Rhomboideus major Teres major Origin: Insertion:
Scapula
Insertion:
Humerus
Action:
Rotates Humerus Outward

34. Teres Major Rhomboideus major Origin: Insertion: Action: Scapula
Humerus
Action:
Flexes forearm and Rotates it inward

35. Sub-Scapularis Origin: Insertion: Action: Scapula Humerus
Pulls Humerus Medially

36. MUSCLES OF UPPER ARM

37. Triceps Brachii Lateral head Medial head Long head Origin: Insertion:
Long Head: Scapula Lateral Head and Medial Head: Humerus
Insertion:
Ulna
Action:
Extends Forearm

38. Biceps Brachii Origin: Insertion: Action: Scapula Radius
Flexes and Supinates Forearm

39. Brachialis
Origin:
Humerus
Insertion:
Ulna
Action:
Flexes Forearm

40. MUSCLES OF THE TRUNK
Thoracic Region

41. External Intercostals
Internal Intercostals
Origin:
Cranial border of one rib
Insertion:
Caudal border of rib above
Action:
Draw Adjacent Ribs Together and Lower Rib
Origin:
Caudal border of one rib
Insertion:
Crainal border of rib caudad
Action:
Raises Rib (Inhalation)

42. Extenal Abdominal Oblique
Origin:
Last nine Ribs
Insertion:
Linea Alba from Sternum to Pubis
Action:
Compresses Abdomen

43. Transversus Abdominis
Origin:
Costal cartilage of False Ribs, Lumbar Vertabrae, and Ilium
Insertion:
Linea Alba
Action:
Compresses the Abdomen

44. Extensor dorsi communis
Muscle Groups:
Spinalis
Longissimus
Iliocostalis
Action:
Extends Vertebral Column

45. MUSCLES OF THE HIP REGION

46. Tensor fascia latae Origin: Insertion: Action: Ilium Patella and Tibia
Extends Thigh, Aids in Abduction and Rotation

47. Caudo-femoralis Origin: Insertion: Action: 2 and 3 Caudal Vertebrae
Patella
Action:
Abducts Thigh and Extends Shank

48. Gluteus Maximus Origin: Insertion: Action: Sacral and Caudal Vertebrae
Femur
Action:
Abducts Thigh

49. Gluteus Medius Origin: Insertion: Action:
Sacral and Caudal Vertebrae & Ilium
Insertion:
Femur
Action:
Abducts Thigh

50. Dorsal Femoral Group (Flexors)
MUSCLES OF THE THIGH
Dorsal Femoral Group
(Flexors)

51. Biceps Femoris Origin: Insertion: Action: Ishium Patella & Tibia
Adducts Thigh, Flexes Shank

52. Semi-membranosus Origin: Insertion: Action: Ischium Femur
Extends Thigh

53. Semi-tendinosus
Origin:
Ischium
Insertion:
Tibia
Action:
Flexes Shank

54. Ventral Femoral Group (Extensors)
MUSCLES OF THE THIGH
Ventral Femoral Group
(Extensors)

55. Sartorius Origin: Insertion: Action: Ilium Patella
Adducts and Rotates Femur, Extends Tibia

56. Quadriceps Rectus femoris
Origin:
Ilium
Insertion:
Patella
Action:
Extends Lower Leg

57. Quadriceps Vastus Lateralis
Origin:
Femur
Insertion:
Patella
Action:
Extends Lower Leg

58. Quadriceps Vastus Medialis
Origin:
Femur
Insertion:
Patella
Action:
Extends Lower Leg

59. MUSCLES OF THE THIGH
Medial Femoral Group

60. Gracilis Origin: Insertion: Action: Ischium and Pubis Tibia
Adducts Thigh and Pulls Caudad

61. Adductor Longus
Origin:
Pubis
Insertion:
Femur
Action:
Adducts Thigh

62. Adductor Femoris Origin: Insertion: Action: Pubis & Ischium Femur
Extends Thigh

63. MUSCLES OF THE LOWER LEG

64. Gastrocnemius
Origin:
Femur
Insertion:
Calcaneus
Action:
Extends Foot

65. Soleus
Origin:
Fibula
Insertion:
Metatarsals
Action:
Extends Foot

66. Tibialis Anterior Origin: Insertion: Action: Tibia and Fibula
First Metatarsals
Action:
Flexes Foot