1. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Beef Feedlot Industry Structure / Economics / Marketing / Husbandry / Management / etc.

2. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center How Cattle Feeding Developed Cattle drives 1860’s Beef feedlots are a post WWII development –Developed about grain production –Center pivot irrigation allowed grain production in arid areas with low human population density Packing plants moved to the cattle http://www.livinghistoryfarm.org/farminginthe50s/crops_08.html http://www.asiakan.org/history/history_beef_kansas.shtml http://www.livinghistoryfarm.org/farminginthe50s/crops_08.html http://www.asiakan.org/history/history_beef_kansas.shtml

3. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Mid Size Feedyard

4. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center

6. Cattle Industry Structure ~ 89 million cattle –9 million dairy cows –28 million beef cows –28 million finished fed Age when finished … < 30 mo. Average age when finished 24 mo.

7. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center U.S. Cattle Total Numbers

8. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Cattle Feeding Economics It is all about cost of production!!! –Grain vs Forage … Feed/Gain (FE) –Traditional vs Natural … FE –Natural vs Organic … Questionable –The real deal may be health cost Time is an overhead cost

9. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Cattle Feeding Economics Price Risk Management –The markets … http://www.cme.com http://www.cbot.com –Breakeven (…BE.xls)(…BE.xls)

10. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Veterinarians Role In Feedyards

11. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Production Management Decision Management –Science Based –Economic Based –Decision priorities Manage –Genetic … Nutrition … Health … Marketing Impact of decisions

12. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Production Management … Multidiscipline Can’t manage what you don’t measure … Nutrition Selection Marketing Economics Financial Environmental RECORDS !!! But not for records sake Health –Treatment –Vaccinations –Biosecurity –Parasite Control –Quality Assurance –Animal Welfare

13. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Value Added Services Provide Factual Reviews –Reproduction: Pg, BSE, Efficiency –Health: Management & Targeted … $ –Nutrition: BCS, resource mgnt –Genetic: Selection and Culling –Marketing / Business / Financial

14. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Lungs Lungs … MOST will NOT be associated with condemnation Minor Adhesions Look Like … Spider Web Strands

15. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Lungs Lungs … MOST will NOT be associated with condemnation Note the Skirt is adhered to the lung.

16. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Lungs Lungs … MOST will NOT be associated with condemnation Note the Skirt is adhered to the lung. Note: Lung was condemned … this is good evidence there was an active infection (could also record as “Active LN”) Note: Most of both sides are missing. Note: Lung was condemned … this is good evidence there was an active infection (could also record as “Active LN”) Note: Part of Lung is still in the chest

17. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Lungs Lungs … MOST will NOT be associated with condemnation Note: Lung was condemned … this is good evidence there was an active infection (could also record as “Active LN”) Note: Young Lesions are Bloody

18. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Possible Management Areas Health Maintenance Management Medical Management –Treatment Protocols –Necropsy Nutrition … Focus on newly received cattle Data management & analysis Environmental Marketing … at least understand it! Quality Assurance … training & monitoring

19. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Multiply Yourself Through People

20. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Special Areas Finding Sick Cattle Feeding Sick Cattle Tic if implant info

21. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Select appropriate high quality products Most commonly, BRD has a head start in high- stressed young commingled cattle.

22. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Processing Table Example

23. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Sick signs Depression Fill: shape & texture –Loose feces Stiffness Nasal discharge & Watery eyes Cough / breathing rate Rectal Temperature ??? Don’t let a thermometer do your thinkin’

24. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center How Sick Cattle Eat Pull any new calf that is slow to come to the bunk Look for sick cattle shortly after putting out feed.

25. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Sick: Intake vs. Temp

26. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Durable Cure & DART The goal: – 1) A first-time treated animal is more likely to become a high-performing, profitable animal ; – 2) That animal stays with its group mates and does not suffer a disease relapse. D.A.R.T. – An acronym for four areas that MUST be thoroughly assessed and monitored, – especially high stress or high risk of disease. – Depression, Appetite, Respiratory index & Temperature.

27. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Finding Sick Cattle Early … may be an impossible job

28. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Simply Put … It is all up to you. Involvement can be … As simple as providing on call service As complex as being part of a management team

29. Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center What You Need to Know &Think About When Selecting Antibiotics The objective will be to help folks better understand: 1) how antibiotics work … clinically 2) antibiotic classes … & what makes them different 3) how to think through developing treatment protocols 4) understand dose management & resistance development 5) how to select a proper antibiotic for different diseases 6) how the other things given sick cattle can influence an antibiotic's effectiveness 7) how to know when to switch 8) which antibiotic would make a better choice when a switch is need if an animal doesn't respond 9) when to quit 10) potential residue considerations & management