2. Cities of Vesuvius Pompeii and Herculaneum Stage 6 Ancient History CORE TOPIC

3. CORE TOPIC!!! This means that EVERY student studying Ancient History for the HSC will study Pompeii and Herculaneum MORE IMPORTANTLY… This means that EVERY TEACHER with a Yr 12 Ancient History class from 2006 onwards will have to teach Pompeii and Herculaneum

4. SEX SELLS!!!

5. Brothels of Pompeii Brothels like this one were scattered over Pompeii

6. Where in the world is Pompeii?  Pompeii

7. Mt Vesuvius looms over Pompeii

8. Examinable Elements: Geographical Context –The physical environment: the geographical setting, natural features and resources of Pompeii and Herculaneum –Plans and streetscapes of Pompeii and Herculaneum

9. Examinable Elements The nature of sources and evidence –The range of available sources, both written and archaeological The evidence provided by the sources for: –The eruption, economy, social structure, political life, everyday life, housing etc –Influence of Greek and Egyptian cultures: art, architecture, religion; household gods, temples

10. Examinable Elements: Investigating, reconstructing and preserving the past –Changing methods and contributions of 19 th and 20 th century archaeologists to our understanding of Pompeii and Herculaneum –Changing interpretations: impact of new research and technologies –Ethical issues –Issues of conservation and reconstruction

11. HSC Examination EVERY student must answer the question on Cities of Vesuvius: Pompeii and Herculaneum There will be one question in three parts with at least three sources provided THEREFORE IT IS IMPORTANT THAT YOUR STUDENTS KNOW HOW TO USE AND INTERPRET SOURCES!

12. Question 1 (a) This part will require students to extract relevant information from some or all of the sources in context. This question may contain a number of sub parts. Students must use the sources provided and demonstrate skill in understanding and interpreting the sources

13. Question 1 (b) This part will require students to use sources and apply their own knowledge to reconstruct aspects of life in Pompeii and Herculaneum Students will have to expand on the sources provided, drawing on their own knowledge to answer this question

14. Question 1 (c) This part will require students to refer to sources and apply their own knowledge to issues of investigating, reconstructing and preserving past and related ethical issues This is where students can demonstrate their knowledge and understanding, tying it in with the provided sources

15. Ancient Sources The earliest written record of any volcanic eruption relates to Mt Vesuvius Pliny the Younger describes the eruption that buried Pompeii and Herculaneum Pliny the Younger also wrote letters to Tacitus which tell us of politics and everyday life in Pompeii

16. Ancient Sources Names to remember when looking for ancient written sources on Pompeii: –Pliny the Younger –Strabo –Seneca Archaeological Evidence –Pompeii is preserved today –Artefacts survived –The evidence shows the daily lives of the people of Pompeii

17. Pompeii In 79 A.D., the ancient volcano Vesuvius erupted and preserved the daily lives of the Pompeii residents under a cover of lava and ash.

18. Frozen in Time People were “frozen” in place as the ash from Mount Vesuvius cooled around them. The ones that escaped the ash were soon killed by the poisonous gases that filled the air

19. Streets of Pompeii Pedestrian Passages

20. Forum Baths The rooms used for changing were embellished with stuccos and paintings

21. Flour Mill Bakery Grindstones Oven

22. Graffiti of Pompeii Graffiti of political messages is found in the forum at Pompeii Women too expressed their political opinion through graffiti

23. Political Statements

24. Inscriptions by the duoviri (Pompeii’s mayors)

25. Wonders of Pompeii

26. Lead Pipes, Pompeii, 79 A. D.

27. Grain Mill, Pompeii, 79 A. D.

28. Lunch Counter, Pompeii, 79 A. D.

29. Amphorae, Pompeii, 79 A. D.

30. Painting, Pompeii, 79 A. D.

31. Street Scene in Pompeii

32. Victim of Vesuvius

33. Victims of Vesuvius