1. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Marco Carvalho, Ph.D. Research Scientist Institute for Human and Machine Cognition University of West Florida XLayer: A Cross-Layer Communications Substrate for Tactical Environments 1

2. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Outline Motivation Technical Approach and Design Services and Applications Related Projects and Transitions Upcoming Experiments and Demonstrations

3. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Motivation

4. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Project Objectives Proposed Capabilities:  Seamless IP-like communications between nodes that may be connected through heterogeneous protocols and data links.  Efficient and predictable mechanisms for detection, addressing and discovery of platforms and services.  Monitoring of network and link capacity and reliability, enabling advanced QoS support and the online adaptation of applications.  Enhanced routing, transport and dissemination mechanisms that are tolerant to node failures, network disruptions, and link delays.  Provide an extensible two-way interface between applications and underlying communications infrastructure Goal: To Investigate, design and Implement a modular and cross-layer communications substrate for Tactical Environments.

5. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Proposed Approach

6. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Interface Integration Models Goal: A modular (and easily configurable) architecture that supports different modes of integration between the platform, the communications infrastructure and applications.

7. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance The XLayer Architecture 7

8. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Core Services Message Propagation Service Node Monitoring Resource Information Sharing Adaptive Service Discovery Adaptive Platform Discovery Network Management Group Management NetTAP (virtual sniffing) Transport Service –Multi-path and adaptive transport. Dissemination Service 8

9. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Interfacing with the Network Host Cross-Layer Service Radio X App1App2 (Adaptor) XLayer Controller Adaptor Apps XLayer Adaptors: Adaptors are internal cross- layer objects that represent external devices such as network interfaces, GPS) within the cross-layer.

10. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Interfacing with Applications The XLayer Proxy Host Cross-Layer Service Radio X App1App2 (Proxy) The XLayer Proxy is a client API that allows applications to use a XLayer Service. Available in C++ and Java. The XLayer Proxy can make use of both local and remote XLayer Service instances.

11. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Current Platforms and Radio Adaptors

12. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance How far did we get? XLayer Services and Applications

13. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Adaptive Discovery and Flood Simple FloodAdaptive Simple FloodAdaptive Simple FloodAdaptive Simple FloodAdaptive For Fixed Response Time and coverage requirements Reduced overhead and resource utilization

14. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance CDS-BASED Discovery 14 (Registration)‏ (De-Registration)‏

15. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Multipath Transport Protocols Adaptive Reliability vs. Capacity

16. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Adaptive Transport Leveraging Cross-Layer information and Machine Learning for online Transport Protocol Optimization –Reinforcement Learning –Genetic Algorithms for the online optimization of reliable UDP (MS Thesis, 2009). First Implementation available in SourceForce: (www.sourceforge.net/projects/r udp) Granados, A. & Carvalho, M.

17. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Predictive Routing (POLSR) t0 t1 hello interval t0 t1 t0 t1

18. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Mission Survivability Support Defense Infrastructure based on the XLayer Substrate Cyber Security and Information Intelligence Research Workshop Oak Ridge National Lab April 2009

19. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Trust Management and Reputation Services

20. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Dynamic Gateway Selection 20

21. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Related Projects and Transitions

22. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Other Related Projects Air Force Research Laboratory –Cross-Layer Support for Information Management Systems –Sponsored

23. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Other Related Projects Air Force Research Laboratory –QoS Enabled Data Dissemination

24. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Other Related Projects Rockwell Collins –CNMS (Cognitive Network Management System) –Building Cognitive Engines for tactical Network Management Rockwell Collins –TAAN (Topology Adaptation for Ad hoc Networks)

25. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Other Related Projects AFRL –An Emulation Environment for Airborne Networks

26. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Other Related Projects ARL –Biologically Inspired Security Infrastructure for Tactical Networks –Novel defense infrastructure built on top of the XLayer substrate.

27. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Other Related Projects Raytheon –Has completed an initial port of the XLayer substrate into a development platform for the next generation of one of their product lines. Raytheon –Other projects

28. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Upcoming Demonstration Joint Flight Experiment/Demonstration –IHMC (Coordination) –Air Force Research Laboratory –Army Research Laboratory –Rockwell Collins AFRL Airborne Testbed Stockbridge, N.Y. Sep, 09.

29. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Acknowledgements IHMC Marco Carvalho, Adrian Granados, Marco Arguedas, Carlos Perez and Massimiliano Marcon, Jeff Bradshaw, Niranjan Suri, Larry Bunch, and several others. ARL Robert Winkler, Jesse Kovach, Larry Tokarcik, Steve Choy Raytheon Waseem Naqvi, Alfred Brothers, David Tran, Robert Scherer, Marina Gurevich, Anne-Marie. AFRL Kurt Turck, Dan Hague, James P. Hanna, Joe Suprenant, Chris Morrison, Mike Muccio, Bob Hillman and Vaughn Combs. Rockwell Collins Kelli Hoback, Wayne Kraus, Nate Vanderhorn

30. Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance Thank You Thank you for the opportunity to work with all of you in the last few years! Marco Carvalho