1. Early Modern England Title page from Leviathan, by Thomas Hobbes

2. Centralized Government and Tudor Monarchy Centralized government consolidated under the Tudors Henry VII (1485-1509) Henry VIII (1509-1547) Edward VI (1547-1554) Mary I (1554-1558) Elizabeth I (1558-1603)

3. The Tudors Henry VII (1485-1509)

4. Centralized Government and Tudor Monarchy Henry VII became King of England in 1485, after deposing his cousin, Richard III

5. Centralized Government and Tudor Monarchy Henry VII became King of England in 1585, after deposing his cousin, Richard III Henry’s claim to the throne was tenuous, based on illegitimate succession

6. Centralized Government and Tudor Monarchy Henry VII became King of England in 1585, after deposing his cousin, Richard III Henry’s claim to the throne was tenuous, based on illegitimate succession But Henry claimed to inherit the throne both through the “Yorkist” and the “Lancastrian” successions

7. Centralized Government and Tudor Monarchy Henry VII became King of England in 1585, after deposing his cousin, Richard III Henry’s claim to the throne was tenuous, based on illegitimate succession But Henry claimed to inherit the throne both through the “Yorkist” and the “Lancastrian” successions This claim was part of the ideological basis upon which he began to consolidate power under the central government

8. The Tudors Henry VIII (1509-1547)

9. Centralized Government and Tudor Monarchy Henry continued his father’s program of centralizing government bureaucracy

10. Centralized Government and Tudor Monarchy Henry continued his father’s program of centralizing government bureaucracy In 1533 Henry broke with the Catholic Church over the disagreement about his divorce

11. Centralized Government and Tudor Monarchy Henry continued his father’s program of centralizing government bureaucracy In 1533 Henry broke with the Catholic Church over the disagreement about his divorce England became a protestant nation, with Henry as the head of the Church of England

12. Centralized Government and Tudor Monarchy Henry continued his father’s program of centralizing government bureaucracy In 1533 Henry broke with the Catholic Church over the disagreement about his divorce England became a protestant nation, with Henry as the head of the Church of England Henry confiscated all property of the Roman Catholic Church

13. Centralized Government and Tudor Monarchy Henry continued his father’s program of centralizing government bureaucracy In 1533 Henry broke with the Catholic Church over the disagreement about his divorce England became a protestant nation, with Henry as the head of the Church of England Henry confiscated all property of the Roman Catholic Church Henry transformed many church schools into public “grammar schools”; this promoted a rise in literacy

14. Centralized Government and Tudor Monarchy Henry continued his father’s program of centralizing government bureaucracy In 1533 Henry broke with the Catholic Church over the disagreement about his divorce England became a protestant nation, with Henry as the head of the Church of England Henry confiscated all property of the Roman Catholic Church Henry transformed many church schools into public “grammar schools”; this promoted a rise in literacy Henry distributed confiscated church lands to his loyal followers

15. Centralized Government and Tudor Monarchy Henry continued his father’s program of centralizing government bureaucracy In 1533 Henry broke with the Catholic Church over the disagreement about his divorce England became a protestant nation, with Henry as the head of the Church of England Henry confiscated all property of the Roman Catholic Church Henry transformed many church schools into public “grammar schools”; this promoted a rise in literacy Henry distributed confiscated church lands to his loyal followers Many British subjects developed a sense of national pride in the country’s independence from the Pope

16. Centralized Government and Tudor Monarchy Henry continued his father’s program of centralizing government bureaucracy In 1533 Henry broke with the Catholic Church over the disagreement about his divorce England became a protestant nation, with Henry as the head of the Church of England Henry confiscated all property of the Roman Catholic Church Henry transformed many church schools into public “grammar schools”; this promoted a rise in literacy Henry distributed confiscated church lands to his loyal followers Many British subjects developed a sense of national pride in the country’s independence from the Pope Radical protestants were emboldened; religious dissent would also have political consequences tending toward democracy

17. The Tudors Edward VI (1547-1554)

18. The Tudors Mary I (1554-1558)

19. The Tudors Elizabeth I (1558-1603)

20. Centralized Government and Tudor Monarchy Elizabeth I continued policies of Tudor power

21. Centralized Government and Tudor Monarchy Elizabeth I continued policies of Tudor power Elizabeth maintained protestant independence

22. Centralized Government and Tudor Monarchy Elizabeth I continued policies of Tudor power Elizabeth maintained protestant independence Elizabeth’s army defeated Scottish uprising, further consolidating national power

23. Centralized Government and Tudor Monarchy Elizabeth I continued policies of Tudor power Elizabeth maintained protestant independence Elizabeth’s army defeated Scottish uprising, further consolidating national power Elizabeth managed the tensions among factions of the nobility; each faction expected to take control of the government, without staging a military coup, by influencing her choice of a husband

24. Centralized Government and Tudor Monarchy Elizabeth I continued policies of Tudor power Elizabeth maintained protestant independence Elizabeth’s army defeated Scottish uprising, further consolidating national power Elizabeth managed the tensions among factions of the nobility; each faction expected to take control of the government, without staging a military coup, by influencing her choice of a husband Elizabeth never got married

25. Centralized Government and Tudor Monarchy Elizabeth I continued policies of Tudor power Elizabeth maintained protestant independence Elizabeth’s army defeated Scottish uprising, further consolidating national power Elizabeth managed the tensions among factions of the nobility; each faction expected to take control of the government, without staging a military coup, by influencing her choice of a husband Elizabeth never got married Elizabeth’s navy defeated the Spanish Armada in 1588

26. Centralized Government and Tudor Monarchy Elizabeth I continued policies of Tudor power Elizabeth maintained protestant independence Elizabeth’s army defeated Scottish uprising, further consolidating national power Elizabeth managed the tensions among factions of the nobility; each faction expected to take control of the government, without staging a military coup, by influencing her choice of a husband Elizabeth never got married Elizabeth’s navy defeated the Spanish Armada in 1588 Under Elizabeth, England began efforts to establish colonies in Ireland and the Americas