1. The History of the United Kingdom by Ave Arak and Epp Jürisson Supervisors: T.Pukk and M.Maasen Viljandi 2002 C.R Jakobson Gymnasium

2. Introduction The British Isles have a rich history going back thousands of years. The history of the United Kingdom includes also the history of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The history is full of invaders, wars, rulers.

3. History 4000 - 1500 BC stone age man, the first farmers, Stonehenge 1500 BC - 43 AD the age of hill forts and the Celts 43 AD - 410 AD Roman Britain, they came, they saw, they conquered 410 - 1066 the Romans left, the Anglo Saxons arrived, the Normans conquered

4. 1066 - 1154 the Normans consolidate their conquest 1154 - 1485 the Middle Ages 1485 - 1603 Henry VIII, Elizabeth I and the Tudors 1603 - 1660 the divine right of kings to rule, then chop off their heads

5. 1660 - 1715 Restoration and Revolution, the beginning of Empire 1715 - 1815 The German Georges rule Britain 1600 - 1783 Britain in North America - we would rather forget 1815 - 1914 Peace and prosperity, the growth of Empire

6. 1914 - 1918 The First World War, carnage without a cause 1918 - 1939 The after effects of World War I, the General Strike 1939 - 1945World War II 1945 - 2000 Post War Britain - loses an Empire, looks for the role

7. The Kings and Queens Until 1603 the English and Scottish Crowns were separated. Following the Accession of King James VI of Scotland (I of England) to the English Throne. From the end of the 17th century, monarchs lost executive power and they became subject to Parliament, resulting in today's constitutional Monarchy.

8. The best known Queen: Elizabeth gave the name to a golden age of poets, statesmen and adventurers. Known as the Virgin Queen, or Gloriana. Queen Elizabeth I 1533 - 1603

9. The best known King: Claims to the throne of France led to the Hundred Years' War and the loss of almost all the large English territory in France. Eduard III 1312-1377

10. The Historical Flag When King James VI of Scotland ascended to the English throne, thereby becoming James I of England, the national flags of England and Scotland on land continued to be. by Graham Bartram Flag adopted 1 January 1801

11. Flag ś crosses The Union Jack/Flag includes the Cross of St. George (England), the Cross of St. Andrew (Scotland) and the Cross of St. Patrick (Ireland).

12. The Map of UK Here we can see all the countries of United Kingdom

13. The Most Important Wars The Hundred Years War 1336-1565 Wars of the Roses 1455-1487 Civil War 1642-1645 Boer War 1901-1902 World War I 1914-1918 World War II 1939-1945

14. Wales a Celtic land of mountains and coal

15. Northern Ireland It is clear today that the Irish problem has not been solved. Northern Protestants feel they have a right to determine their own future democratically. Northern Catholics feel they have the right to be part of a united Ireland.

16. Scotland An English army arrived to relieve the Scots siege of Stirling. Bruce defeated the English army under Edward II, who was lucky to escape with his life. The Scots victory at the Battle of Bannockburn secured complete Scots independence.

17. England England has always played an important role in the worldś economy and business.

18. Historical Monument the name of a very remarkable ancient monument in England It consists of a great collection of stones Stonehedge

19. The Historical Big Ben Big Ben is one of London's best-known landmarks. It houses the House of Parliament.

20. Summary The history has efected our lives for centuries and will continue to do the same in future. We think that England has always been rich of kings and queens who has changed the world.