1. Royal Theories

2. French Monarchy HHenry IV (Navarre) dies and son takes throne LLouis XIII (1610-1643) YYoung, weak leader CCardinal Richelieu takes control Chief minister and most trusted adviser Determined to strengthen monarchy

3. To strengthen Monarchy Richelieu… La Rochelle’s defeat was a signal to all Protestants to GET OUT of France!

4. FRANCE

5. How did Louis XIV create absolute power?

6. Louis XIV creates Financial Issues

7. Louis’ Wars LLouis XIV developed a professional army WWar an incessant activity WWaged four wars 1667-1713 11667: invaded Spanish Netherlands Lost to Dutch, English, Swedes 11672: Dutch War: invaded United Provinces Brandenburg, Spain, HRE ended war

10. How did Spain go from the most populous empire in the world to ruin?  Treasury was empty: Philip II went bankrupt in 1596  Wars, excesses of court  Government was inefficient  Armed forces out of date  Philip III (1598-1621)  Weaknesses became apparent  Philip IV (1621-1665)  Put country in hands of Gaspar de Guzman, count of Olivares  30 Years War caused revolts and civil war  Dutch Independence declared in Peace of Westphalia