1. 12A Interpret relationships (predation, parasitism, commensalism, mutualism, competition) among organisms

2. An organisms role in its environment…
An organisms habitat is the area where it lives.
In any environment, every species fills a unique niche.
A niche includes the conditions and resources a species’ needs for survival and how it obtains these resources.

4. Relationships between Organisms

5. THE DEMAND BY TWO OR MORE ORGANISMS FOR LIMITED RESOURCES SUCH AS FOOD, WATER OR SHELTER
COMPETITION

6. INTERACTION IN WHICH ONE ORGANISM CAPTURES AND FEEDS ON ANOTHER ORGANISM
PREDATION

7. PREDATOR
LION
THE ORGANISM CAPTURING AND FEEDING ON ANOTHER ORGANISM (THE PREY)

8. PREY
HIPPO
ORGANISM BEING EATEN

9. SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP IN WHICH ONE ORGANISM LIVES IN OR ON ANOTHER ORGANISM & CAUSES IT HARM
PARASITISM

10. PARASITE
TICK
ORGANISM LIVING IN OR ON ANOTHER ORGANISM CAUSING IT HARM

11. HOST
DOG
ORGANISM BEING HARMED BY PARASITE

12. SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP IN WHICH ONE ORGANISM BENEFITS & ANOTHER ORGANISM IS NEITHER HARMED NOR BENEFITS
COMMENSALISM

13. Whale & Barnacle

14. Egrets & Cattle

15. SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP IN WHICH BOTH ORGANISMS BENEFIT
MUTUALISM

16. Clown Fish & Anemone

17. Flowers & Bees

18. 12C Analyze the flow of matter & E through trophic levels using various models (food webs, food chains, and ecological pyramids).

19. AUTOTROPH aka PRODUCER
an organism that captures E from sunlight or chemicals & use it to produce its own food
ex: most plants

21. HETEROTROPH aka CONSUMER
an organism that obtains E from the food it consumes
ex: humans, snakes, rhino, jaguar

23. PRIMARY CONSUMER

24. SECONDARY CONSUMER

25. TERTIARY CONSUMER

26. QUATERNARY CONSUMER

27. HERBIVORE
Organism that obtains E from eating plants

28. OMNIVORE
Organism that obtains E by eating both plants & animals

29. CARNIVORE
Organism that obtains E by eating animals

30. DETRITIVORE aka DECOMPOSER
Organism that feeds on dead plant & animal material & other dead matter

31. SCAVENGER
Animals that eat dead animals
Ex: Vultures, Tasmanian devils

32. FOOD CHAIN
the sequence of who eats whom in a biological community (an ecosystem) to obtain nutrition.
starts with the primary energy source
Ends with the top predator

33. FOOD CHAIN Quaternary consumer Tertiary consumer Secondary consumer
Primary consumer
Producer

37. FOOD WEB
Let’s put some food chains together…

39. Label the organisms in your notes. *organisms can have more than 1 label.

40. ECOLOGICAL PYRAMID
Represents the producers and consumers in an ecosystem in a pyramid shaped-diagram.

42. Where does all E come from?

43. As you go up trophic levels, 10% of Energy is lost. Why?

45. Most of the E is available at what level?

49. Biological Magnification
the increasing concentration of toxic substances within each successive link in the food chain

50. As you go up trophic levels, the number contaminants increases.

52. Fill in the boxes with dots to represent the toxic contaminant.

53. Do your boxes look like this?