2. Magnetic force on currents N S I F N S I F P.62

3. Fleming’s left-hand rule P.62

4. Magnetic field becomes stronger on the top Magnetic field becomes smaller at the bottom Neutral point P.62

5. To have greater induced magnetic force: P.62 Increase current Stronger magnetic field

6. P.63

7. N S N S I

8. Conducting wire with a permanent magnet N S I F N S I F P.63

9. I I I I xxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx x.................... P.62 F F FF

10. P.63

11. I1I1 I2I2 x... x x F1F1

12. I1I1 I2I2 x... x x F2F2

13. I1I1 I2I2 x... x x F1F1

14. I1I1 I2I2 x... x x F2F2

15. Attractive forceRepulsive force

16. P.63

17. N S v F N S I v F

18. Aurora P.63

19. P.64

20. The rod moves to LHS.

21. P.64 The rod moves to RHS.

22. P.64 No current on metal rod. The rod remains at rest.

23. P.65 X : North, Y : South Out of the paper More magnetic field lines The force is reversed in direction No change in direction

24. P.65

25. P.62

26. P.66

29. 0 00 Anticlockwise 0 00 Clockwise

30. D.c. motor F -F A couple is formed Commutator rotates with the coil P.67

31. Current flows from A to B P.67

33. Motor can be more powerful Use a stronger magnet Use larger current Increase number of turns per unit length of coil P.68 Use soft-iron core

34. x. x. F -F Couple is constant P.68

35. NS Several coils Soft-iron core Large number of turns of wire Increase power & run more smoothly x. x. x. P.68

36. Loudspeaker Sound wave P.68

37. Solenoid Paper cone Circular magnet P.68

38. S N N N N NN N N

40. P.70

42. P.71