1. James Joyce (1882-1941) born in Dublin to an impoverished family born in Dublin to an impoverished family educated by the Jesuits educated by the Jesuits left Ireland for medical school in Paris at 21 left Ireland for medical school in Paris at 21 returned to the continent in 1904 with Nora Barnacle returned to the continent in 1904 with Nora Barnacle spent most of his life on the continent (Paris, Italy, Switzerland) in dire poverty spent most of his life on the continent (Paris, Italy, Switzerland) in dire poverty Biographical video Biographical video Biographical video Biographical video

2. Important Works Dubliners (1914) Dubliners (1914) Exiles (1914) Exiles (1914) Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916) Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916) Ulysses (1922): considered by some the greatest novel ever written Ulysses (1922): considered by some the greatest novel ever written Finnegan’s Wake (1939) Finnegan’s Wake (1939)

3. Ireland Story

4. Dubliners (1907, pub. 1914) Stories chronicle stages of life: Stories chronicle stages of life: childhood childhood adolescence adolescence maturity maturity society as a whole society as a whole

5. Joyce wrote to his publisher: “My intention was to write a chapter of the moral history of my country and I chose Dublin for the scene because that city seemed to me the centre of paralysis.” Joyce wrote to his publisher: “My intention was to write a chapter of the moral history of my country and I chose Dublin for the scene because that city seemed to me the centre of paralysis.” He later stated: “in composing my chapter of moral history in exactly the way I have composed it I have taken the first step towards the spiritual liberation of my country… I seriously believe that you will retard the course of civilisation in Ireland by preventing the Irish people from having one good look at themselves in my nicely polished looking-glass.” He later stated: “in composing my chapter of moral history in exactly the way I have composed it I have taken the first step towards the spiritual liberation of my country… I seriously believe that you will retard the course of civilisation in Ireland by preventing the Irish people from having one good look at themselves in my nicely polished looking-glass.”

6. Paralysis: a living death, or a succession of deaths, emotional psychological, or spiritual a living death, or a succession of deaths, emotional psychological, or spiritual scenes of darkness, cold night, winter and blinding scenes of darkness, cold night, winter and blinding

7. Epiphany: a spiritual an intellectual illumination of the nature of a thing a spiritual an intellectual illumination of the nature of a thing to the artistic insights and means by which such a revelation is achieved to the artistic insights and means by which such a revelation is achieved a sudden revelation of spiritual or moral meaning, usually as to the essential being of a person or thing a sudden revelation of spiritual or moral meaning, usually as to the essential being of a person or thing

8. Paralysis and epiphanies in the stories: 1. Araby 2. Evelyn 3. Counterparts 4. The Dead

9. Araby opening opening the narrator/protagonist the narrator/protagonist Mangan’s sister– associations Mangan’s sister– associations religious references religious references figures of authority figures of authority the English the English illusion versus reality illusion versus reality ending? ending? meaning of title? meaning of title?

10. Evelyn opening scene opening scene the past the past her father her father her mother her mother images of light and darkness images of light and darkness ending? ending?

11. Counterparts the opening the opening Mr. Alleyne vs. “the man” Mr. Alleyne vs. “the man” relationship between anger and thirst relationship between anger and thirst effects of work on the individual effects of work on the individual coins coins the public houses the public houses the English (woman, Weathers) the English (woman, Weathers) ending? ending? title? title?

12. The Dead Miss Kate, Miss Julia, Mary Jane Miss Kate, Miss Julia, Mary Jane Gabriel Gabriel scene with Lily scene with Lily attitude towards other guests attitude towards other guests Miss Ivors Miss Ivors the speech and the past the speech and the past Freddy Malins Freddy Malins Gretta: what does she represent? Gretta: what does she represent? Gabriel vs. Michael Furey Gabriel vs. Michael Furey Epiphanies -- mirror Epiphanies -- mirror

13. Symbolism Johnny, the horse Johnny, the horse Final scene Final scene Final scene Final scene the snow the snow the title? the title?