1. By Charlene Friesen and Tiffany Kirk
Caffeine
By Charlene Friesen
and Tiffany Kirk

2. What Is Caffeine?
Occurs naturally in some substances, like coffee beans, teas leaves, cocoa beans, guarana and mate.
Its pure form is a white, bitter, crystal powder that is isolated from decaffeinating coffee and tea.
Classified as both a psychoactive drug and a food.

3. Chemical name: 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine

4. Typical Amounts of Caffeine
Brewed Coffee: mg/200ml
Instant Coffee: 64mg/200ml
Espresso/cappuccino/latte:
30-50mg/2tbsp or about mg/ mug
Tea: 40-70mg/200ml
Colas: 50mg/can
Jolt: 70mg/can
* Barq’s root beer: 25.4 mg/can
Chocolate milk: 50mg/250ml
Chocolate bar: 30mg/bar
Tylenol #3: 45mg/tablet
Excedrin: 65mg/tablet
Pep Pill: mg/pill

6. How much caffeine is consumed?
80 to 90% of North Americans consume caffeine everyday
The average North American consumes mg per day
A safe dose is 300mg/day (3 cups coffee)
Over 600mg per day is considered excessive (more than 4 cups of coffee or 15 cups of tea)
A lethal dose is 7,500-10,000mg ( cups of coffee)

7. Looks Like Everybody is Drinking Caffeine!

8. How Does Caffeine Work in the Body?
It interferes with the calming effects of the neurotransmitter adenosine. It causes a release of epinephrine, dopamine, serotonin which are the excitatory neurotransmitters. This makes your body think this is an emergency, and your body responds by:
Pupils dialate
Airways dialate to increase oxygen capacity
Heart rate increases
Extremities get cold as surface blood vessels contract to carry blood to muscle and brain

9. Blood pressure rises
Blood to the stomach, bladder and intestines slows
Liver releases glycogen for extra energy
Muscles contract for action
When the effects of caffeine wear off, adrenaline wears off, and you feel tired or depressed
It stimulates the pleasure centers of the brain, causing addiction using the same channels as amphetamines, cocaine and heroin, but with less effect

10. Caffeine’s half life is six hours, so that a coffee containing 200mg of caffeine consumed at 3pm will still have 100mg caffeine in your bloodstream at 9pm and be fully excreted at 3 am
Caffeine reaches its peak concentrations in your body within 30 to 60 minutes after consumption

11. What are the side effects of Caffeine?
THE GOOD…
May protect against diabetes
Enhances alertness
Enhances physical performance and endurance
Increases efficacy of certain pain killers
May reduce colon cancer
Increases metabolism
Fewer suicides noted in those addicted to caffeine

12. THE BAD….
Mild diuretic causing dehydration
Cardiac and nervous stimulant
Causes addiction
Prevents deep sleep and causes insomnia
Headache
Anxiety
Increase risk of miscarriage, birth defects and low birth weight
It crosses into breast milk and effects babies negatively
Causes calcium depletion from the bones
Increases sensitivity to pain

13. AND THE UGLY….

14. Addiction and Withdrawal
You are considered addicted to caffeine if you feel that cannot function
without it, and must consume it everyday
Withdrawal symptoms include headache, irritability, nervousness, restlessness and exhaustion. In extreme cases, nausea and vomiting
Symptoms begin within hours after discontinuing caffeine usage, and peaks after hours

16. How Can I Quit?
Caffeine Fading: reducing the amount of coffee by about ½ cup per day. Make sure you have other beverages available, like herbal tea, but do not drink decaff coffee, as it is also addictive.
Cold Turkey: The withdrawal symptoms can be painful this way, but can be counter-acted by lots of sleep and exercise. Or, drink a coke if you just can’t take it.

17. Caffeine Survey
How much caffeine do you typically consume a day?

18. Typical Amounts of Caffeine
Brewed Coffee: mg/200ml
Instant Coffee: 64mg/200ml
Espresso/cappuccino/latte:
30-50mg/2tbsp or about mg/ mug
Tea: 40-70mg/200ml
Colas: 50mg/can
Jolt: 70mg/can
* Barq’s root beer: 25.4 mg/can
Chocolate milk: 50mg/250ml
Chocolate bar: 30mg/bar
Tylenol #3: 45mg/tablet
Excedrin: 65mg/tablet
Pep Pill: mg/pill

19. The End!