1. Unit 4 Bonding Nomenclature: How to Name Compounds the “Chemistry Way”

2. Naming Rules (handout) 1. In an ionic compound, the net ionic charge is zero 2. In an ionic compound, the metal (cation) is named FIRST, then the nonmetal (anion) is named, but the ending is changed to –ide. Example: NaCl = sodium chloride MgO = magnesium oxide CaF 2 = calcium fluoride

3. 3. An –ite or –ate ending means the formula has a polyatomic ion Example: PO 4 3- = phosphate ion PO 3 3- = phosphite ion LOOK AT PART 2 of Things to Know and Love…

4. 4. Prefixes in the name indicate a molecular (covalently bonded) compound (i.e. no ions, formed from 2 nonmetals). They show the number of each atom in the formula. Examples: CO 2 = carbon dioxide CO = carbon monoxide CCl 4 = carbon tetrachloride

5. 5. A Roman numeral shows the ionic charge of the cation if it is a transition metal. Ag + Cd 2+ Zn 2+ Look at Part 3 of Things to Know and Love…

6. MEMORIZE PARTS 2 and 3 of Things to Know and Love… MEMORIZE PARTS 2 and 3 of Things to Know and Love…

7. PRACTICE (Notetakers) Rules 1 & 2: Rules 1 & 2: 1. In an ionic compound, the net ionic charge is zero 2. In an ionic compound, the metal (cation) is named FIRST, then the nonmetal (anion) is named, but the ending is changed to –ide. NaCl MgCl 2 BaO

8. PRACTICE (Notetakers) Rules 1 & 2: Rules 1 & 2: 1. In an ionic compound, the net ionic charge is zero 2. In an ionic compound, the metal (cation) is named FIRST, then the nonmetal (anion) is named, but the ending is changed to –ide. NaCl = sodium chloride MgCl 2 BaO

9. PRACTICE (Notetakers) Rules 1 & 2: Rules 1 & 2: 1. In an ionic compound, the net ionic charge is zero 2. In an ionic compound, the metal (cation) is named FIRST, then the nonmetal (anion) is named, but the ending is changed to –ide. NaCl = sodium chloride MgCl 2 = magnesium chloride BaO

10. PRACTICE (Notetakers) Rules 1 & 2: Rules 1 & 2: 1. In an ionic compound, the net ionic charge is zero 2. In an ionic compound, the metal (cation) is named FIRST, then the nonmetal (anion) is named, but the ending is changed to –ide. NaCl = sodium chloride MgCl 2 = magnesium chloride BaO = barium oxide

11. Rule 3: An –ite or –ate ending means the formula has a polyatomic ion Rule 3: An –ite or –ate ending means the formula has a polyatomic ion See table on bottom of back side of notetakers to fill in. See table on bottom of back side of notetakers to fill in.

12. Rule 4: Prefixes in the name indicate a molecular (covalently bonded) conpound (i.e. no ions, formed from 2 nonmetals). They show the number of each atom in the formula. Rule 4: Prefixes in the name indicate a molecular (covalently bonded) conpound (i.e. no ions, formed from 2 nonmetals). They show the number of each atom in the formula. Write on the bottom of your notetakers below the table for ionic compounds Write on the bottom of your notetakers below the table for ionic compoundsExamples: C 2 H 6 CO Dihydrogen tetroxide Boron dichloride

13. Rule 5: A Roman numeral shows the ionic charge of the cation if it is a transition metal. Rule 5: A Roman numeral shows the ionic charge of the cation if it is a transition metal. Iron (III) phosphite Iron (III) phosphite Mercury (I) oxide Mercury (I) oxide Pb(NO 3 ) 4 Pb(NO 3 ) 4

14. Naming Acids (on the handout for Review of Naming Rules) Acids: compounds that give off hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water. Acids: compounds that give off hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water. Acids have a general formula: Acids have a general formula: HX (X = an anion)

15. When the anion (X) ends in –ide, the acid begins with prefix hydro-; the anion ends in –ic, and the name is followed with the word “acid” When the anion (X) ends in –ide, the acid begins with prefix hydro-; the anion ends in –ic, and the name is followed with the word “acid” HCl (anion = chloride ion) = hydrochloric acid HCl (anion = chloride ion) = hydrochloric acid HBr (anion = bromide ion) = hydrobromic acid HBr (anion = bromide ion) = hydrobromic acid HF (anion = fluoride ion) = hydrofluoric acid HF (anion = fluoride ion) = hydrofluoric acid HCN (anion = cyanide ion) = hydrocyanic acid HCN (anion = cyanide ion) = hydrocyanic acid

16. Naming acids w/polyatomic ions When the anion (X) ends in –ite, the acid name is the stem of the anion with the suffix –ous, followed by the word “acid” When the anion (X) ends in –ite, the acid name is the stem of the anion with the suffix –ous, followed by the word “acid” Examples Examples H 2 SO 3 (anion = sulfite ion) = sulfurous acid H 2 SO 3 (anion = sulfite ion) = sulfurous acid H 3 PO 3 (anion = phosphite ion) = phosphorous acid H 3 PO 3 (anion = phosphite ion) = phosphorous acid HNO 2 (anion = nitrite ion) = nitrous acid HNO 2 (anion = nitrite ion) = nitrous acid

17. When the anion (X) ends in –ate, the acid name is the stem of the anion with the suffix –ic, followed by the word “acid” When the anion (X) ends in –ate, the acid name is the stem of the anion with the suffix –ic, followed by the word “acid” Examples Examples H 2 SO4 (anion = sulfate ion) = sulfuric acid H 2 SO4 (anion = sulfate ion) = sulfuric acid H 3 PO4 (anion = phosphate ion) = phosphoric acid H 3 PO4 (anion = phosphate ion) = phosphoric acid H 2 CO 3 (anion = carbonate ion) = carbonic acid H 2 CO 3 (anion = carbonate ion) = carbonic acid HNO 3 (anion = nitrate ion) = nitric acid HNO 3 (anion = nitrate ion) = nitric acid

18. WORKSHEETS WRITING FORMULAS & NAMING IONIC COMPOUNDS WRITING FORMULAS & NAMING IONIC COMPOUNDS