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Compound Names and Formulas
Binary Ionic Compounds Binary Molecular Compounds Polyatomic Ionic Compounds Organic Hydrocarbons Acids
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Binary Ionic Compounds
Compounds composed of a metal cation and a nonmetal anion First name is the name of the metal Second name is the name of the nonmetal with an ide suffix Ex. NaCl is sodium chloride
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Molecular Binary compounds
Composed of two elements both of which are nonmetals. No ions present First name is name of the first element with prefix Second name is name of second element with prefix Prefix indicates subscript number: mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa, nona and deca Ex: Carbon monoxide – CO2
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Polyatomic Ionic Compounds
Composed of metal cation and anion made up of two or more nonmetal atoms with a net negative charge First name is name of metal cation Second name is name of polyatomic anion Ex. Sodium sulfate – Na2SO4
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Organic Compounds Hydrocarbons are made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms Alkanes have the formula: CnH2n+2 Prefix defines the n value: n=1-9 meth, eth, pro, but, pent, hex, hept, oct, non, and dec Name ends with ane suffix Ex: methane – CH4
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Binary Acids All acids contain hydrogen ion: H+
In binary acids the anions is a monoatomic nonmetal anion Generic formula: HA Prefix: hydro Suffix: ic Ex. Hydrochloric acid - HCl
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Polyatomic Acids All acids contain hydrogen ion: H+
In polyatomic acids the anion is a polyatomic anion Generic formula: HA Prefix: none(unless polyatomic anion name has one) Suffix: ic(ate) or ous(ite) Ex. chloric acid – HClO3 Ex: hypochlorous acid – HClO
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Writing formula for ionic compounds from formula
MxAy will be MyAx Example: Calcium(2+) nitrate(1-) – Ca(NO3)2 Ammonium(1+) carbonate (2-) – (NH4)2CO3
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Writing Molecular formula from name for binary molecular formulas
Prefix indicates subscripts for that element Dinitrogen pentoxide: N2O5
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Writing Alkane formula from name
Prefix indicates carbon subscript, H subscript is 2n+2 Ethane: C2H6
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Writing Acid Formula from Name
First determine if it is binary, it will have a hydro prefix and ic suffix All acid formulas begin with hydrogen ion Treat them like an ionic binary compound Determine anion element and charge Ex: hydrosulfuric acid – H2S
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Polyatomic acids Determine the anion and its charge
Treat it like a polyatomic ionic compound Ex: nitric acid – HNO3 Ex: phosphoric acid – H3PO4
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Quiz Time!
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Identify the formula for: barium nitrate
A. Ba3N2 B. Ba(NO2)2 C. BaNO2 D. BaNO3 E. Ba(NO3)2
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Identify the formula for: chromium (III) phosphate
A. Cr3PO3 B. Cr3(PO4)2 C. Cr2(PO4)3 D. CrPO4 E. Cr3(PO4)3
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Identify the formula for: Ammonium nitrate
A. NH4NO3 B. NH4NO2 C. NH3NO3 D. NH3NO2 E. (NH4)NO2
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Identify the formula for: Copper (II) bromide
A. CuBr B. CuBrO3 C. Cu(BrO3)2 D. CuBr2 E. Cu(BrO4)2
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Identify the formula for: Copper (II) bromide
A. CuBr B. CuBrO3 C. Cu(BrO3)2 D. CuBr2 E. Cu(BrO4)2
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Identify the formula for: Sulfur Hexafluoride
A. SF B. SF6 C. SF4 D. S4F6 E. SF8
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Identify the formula for: Octane
A. C6H6 B. C6H12 C. C8H8 D. C8H16 E. C8H18
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Identify the formula for: Hydroiodic Acid
A. HI B. H2I C. HIO3 D. HIO2 E. HIO4
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Identify the formula for: Sulfuric Acid
A. HS B. H2S C. H2SO4 D. H2SO3 E. H3SO3
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Identify the formula for: Tetraphosphorus Decoxide
A. PO5 B. P2O5 C. P4O8 D. P4O10 E. P5O10
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