1. Colonial Mexico The Viceroyalty of New Spain

2. Consolidating New Spain  The Spanish Claims on America  Treaty of Tordesillas, 1494  Casa de Contratación (1503, Seville)  Council of the Indies (1524)  Settling New Spain  Extending the Conquest: Nuño de Guzmán, Francisco Coronado, Juan de Oñate  The Legacy of Cortes  The Threat of Foreign Competition

5. Administering an Empire  The Viceroyalty of New Spain  The “Republic of Spaniards”  The Viceroy  Antonio de Mendoza, Luis de Velasco (the elder)  The Audiencia  Oidores  The Visitador: Royal Oversight  Corregidores, Alcaldes Mayores, or Gobernadores

7. The Local Context  The Cabildo [Ayuntamiento]  Town Councils  Tensions between Local and Royal Agendas  The Growth of Local Aristocracies  Peninsulares and Criollos: The Distinction Emerges

8. The “Republic of the Indians”  Corregidores de Indios  The Role of the Cacique  Indian Depopulation  The “Indian Question”  The Encomienda  The Power of Encomenderos  The New Laws of the Indies (1542)  Bartolomé de Las Casas and Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda (the 1550 debate)  The Repartimiento

11. The Spanish Imperial System  The Imperial Monopoly  Mercantilism  A Fragmentation of Authority  The State as All-Present, but Not All- Powerful  “I Obey but Do Not Comply.”

12. The Economy of New Spain  The Example of Cortes  The Advance of the Hacienda  Hacendados  Marriage and Entail  An Unstable Elite, at first  Agriculture & Livestock  Mining  Zacatecas, San Luis Postosí  The Quinto (Royal Fifth)  The Beginnings of Manufacturing  Obrajes

20. Alcoman Monastery

21. Altar at National Cathedral

22. Interior View, Cholula Cathedral

23. Cuernavaca

26. San Jose Mission, San Antonio

28. Valladolid

29. Yaxcabá (in the Yucatán)

30. The Church in Colonial Mexico  The Spanish “Patronato Real”  Secular and Regular Clergy  The Church vs. the Encomenderos  The Accession of Phillip II (1559)  Eroding the Church’s Position  The Work of Conversion  The Inquisition, 1571  “Syncretism”  Wordliness  Fueros, Property Accumulation

31. Colonial Society  The Vagaries of Race  Peninsulares, Criollos  Mestizos  Indians  Africans  Becoming “White”  The Status and Role of Women  Population in Mexico