1. Practice Calcium Calcium Neon Neon Argon Argon Silicon Silicon Lithium Lithium Do - Bohr’s model - Gain or lost? Why? - Gain or lost? Why? - Anion or cation? - Anion or cation?

2. 5-2 Ionic Bonding and Salts

3. Ionic Bonding Have you ever heard of fool’s gold? Have you ever heard of fool’s gold? It is in fact pyrite that looks like gold. It is in fact pyrite that looks like gold. In the case of pyrite, the iron cations and sulfure anions attract one another to form a ionic compound. In the case of pyrite, the iron cations and sulfure anions attract one another to form a ionic compound.

4. Ionic Compounds Many minerals in Earth’s crust are made of cations and anions held together by ionic bonds Many minerals in Earth’s crust are made of cations and anions held together by ionic bonds Ratio is always balanced so the compound has no overall charge. Ratio is always balanced so the compound has no overall charge.

5. Ionic bonds form between ions of opposite charge Take a look at sodium chloride: Take a look at sodium chloride: The sodium gives up its only valence electron to form a stable Na+ cation. The sodium gives up its only valence electron to form a stable Na+ cation.

6. Anion If you look at Chlorine: If you look at Chlorine: When seven electrons When seven electrons acquires 1 electron and become stable, it becomes Cl- anion.

7. Force of attraction Chlorine: Cl- and sodium: Na+ create an ionic bond. Remember opposites attract!! Chlorine: Cl- and sodium: Na+ create an ionic bond. Remember opposites attract!!

8. Salt Since the word salt can be used to describe any of thousands of different ionic compounds, they use the scientific name for table salt (sodium chloride). Since the word salt can be used to describe any of thousands of different ionic compounds, they use the scientific name for table salt (sodium chloride). Salt: an ionic compound that forms when a metal atom or a positive radial replaces the hydrogen of an acid. Salt: an ionic compound that forms when a metal atom or a positive radial replaces the hydrogen of an acid.

9. Read with a partner and write two bullet points for each of the following sections Ionic Compounds do not consist of molecules Ionic Compounds do not consist of molecules 1. 1. 2. 2. Ionic Bonds are Strong Ionic Bonds are Strong 1. 1. 2. 2. Ionic Compounds have distinctive properties Ionic Compounds have distinctive properties 1. 1. 2. 2.

10. Liquid and Dissolved Salts Conduct Electric Current To conduct an electric current, a substance must: To conduct an electric current, a substance must: 1. contain charged particles 1. contain charged particles 2. particles must be free to move 2. particles must be free to move Why are ionic compounds good conductors? Which state of matter are the best conductors? Why are ionic compounds good conductors? Which state of matter are the best conductors?

11. Salts are hard and brittle Hard: able to resist a large force Hard: able to resist a large force Brittle: applied force becomes to strong to resist and the crystal devels a widespread fracture rather than a small dent Brittle: applied force becomes to strong to resist and the crystal devels a widespread fracture rather than a small dent

12. Create a flow chart on how to identify a compound as Ionic pg. 173

13. Salt Crystals Crystal lattice: the regular pattern which a crystal is arranged Crystal lattice: the regular pattern which a crystal is arranged Not all salts have same structure as sodium chloride Not all salts have same structure as sodium chloride All salts are made of simple repeating units All salts are made of simple repeating units Crystal structure depends on the sizes and ratios of ions Crystal structure depends on the sizes and ratios of ions

14. Salts have ordered packing arrangements Unit cell: smallest portion of a crystal lattice that shows the three-dimensional pattern Unit cell: smallest portion of a crystal lattice that shows the three-dimensional pattern

15. Your turn Pg.175 #’s 1-11 Pg.175 #’s 1-11