2. Activator  When you finish answering the 4 questions below in your notebooks we will watch a clip from a movie about modern day workers on strike called Made in LA.  1. Who fights for the rights of workers?  2. What can workers do to protest low wages, dangerous working conditions, discrimination or abuse from an employer?  3. What is a union?  4. What should government do?

3. Agenda  Activator, agenda, and objective (10 minutes)  Made in LA video clip (30 minutes)  How did people react to industrialization notes (20 minutes)  How did government react? Populists and Progressives pair work (30 minutes)  Exit ticket: Should government regulate business?

4. Objective  All students will:  Understand the effect of political programs and activities of the Populists and the Progressives.  Populists: Farmers Alliance, demands for radical social and economic change, money supply, government ownership of transportation, tax proportionate to income.  Progressives: Federal regulation of railroad transport, the Children’s Bureau, 16 th amendment, Theodore Roosevelt, and Hiram Johnson.

5. How did people react to Industrialization?  Industrial workers – labor unions – strikes.  Knights of Labor, AFL, Wobblies,  Railroad strike of 1877, Homestead 1892, Pullman 1894  Farmers – Farmers Alliance – populism.  Money supply, nationalize transportation, tax rich more  Government – regulation – social programs.  Regulating the railroads.  Triangle Shirtwaist fire.  Municipal reforms.  Antitrust law

6. Knights of Labor  An injury to one is the concern of all.  8 hour work day.  Worker-owned factories.  No child labor.  Equal pay for men and women

7. Child Labor

8. American Federation of Labor (AF of L) 1886  Mostly for skilled workers.  Represented them in political matters.  Maintained a national strike fund.  Mediated disputes between labor and management through collective bargaining.  Prevented disputes among many craft unions.  Samuel Gompers

9. International Workers of the World (IWW) or Wobblies 1905  Opposed AFL.  Socialist leadership.  Violent strikes especially in WWI.

10. The Great Railroad Strike 1877  Started when wages were cut 10% during depression.  Strikers, sympathizers, rioters broke railroad property and clashed with local militias.  Federal troops called out – fired on crown in Pittsburg.  20,000 angry people reacted by destroying $5 million in railroad property.  President Rutherford Hayes again called in troops.  Employers relied on state and federal armies to repress labor unrest.

11. Haymarket 1886  National demonstration for the 8 hour work day.  Police broke up a fight between strikers and “scabs” at McCormick reaper factory in Chicago killing many workers.  Protesters came to Haymarket Square where they were joined by anarchists (radicals who opposed government).  Riot with many dead on both sides. Four anarchists were tried for conspiracy to commit murder and hung.  Press blamed the AF of L.

12. Pullman Strike 1894  Pullman created a town for workers making luxury train cars. Built parks, etc. but also regulated behavior like banning alcohol etc.  Financial panic of 1893 – Pullman laid off workers and cut wages by 25% while keeping food prices in his town at the same level.  260,000 workers joined the strike.  Because it blacked the delivery of mail, U.S. troops were called in.  The government cited the Sherman Antitrust law saying that the union was a trust and restrained free trade.  Set a pattern of government opposition to unions.

13. Populists and Progressives  What was the government response 1880-1920?  In groups of 3 read either the section on Populists or the section on Progressives.  Take notes and search to answer this question: “What did the government do to regulate business? How did this help workers?”

14. Populists pp.507-512  Grew out of the Farmers Alliance  Demanded radical economic change  Increased circulation of money  Progressive income tax  Government ownership of transportation and communication  United front of African American and white farmers

15. Progressives pp.614-620; pp.621- 627  Federal regulation of railroad  Children’s Bureau  16 th Amendment  Theodore Roosevelt  Hiram Johnson

16. Exit Ticket  1. What is a “Trust” and why would you need an antitrust law?  2. Is government regulation of business a good thing? Explain why or why not.