1. Parliament Triumphs in England
Chapter 4 Sec. 3
Parliament Triumphs in England

2. Parliament’s Influence
Tudor Monarchs (Henry VIII and Elizabeth I)
Good relationship with Parliament
Regularly consulted but controlled through agents (knew the King’s wishes)
Magna Carta’s influence - Parliament approval of raised taxes
Elizabeth died childless - changes relations

3. Parliament’s Influence
Stuart Monarchs
1603 James I (relative and King of Scotland)
Agreed to rule according to English law
Soon claimed divine right and absolute power
Dissolved Parliament and collected own taxes
Clashed with dissenters of Church of England
Puritans - “purify” the Church of Catholic practices

4. Charles I
1625 inherits the throne and behaves like an absolute monarch
Needs Parliament to raise money
Forced to sign the Petition of Right
Prohibited raising taxes w/out consent
Prohibited jailing w/out legal justification
Soon dissolved Parliament again (1629) and ignored the Petition

5. Civil War For 11 years Charles I creates enemies
Parliament
Puritans
Forced strict Anglican rules
Imposed the Anglican prayer book on Scotland
1640 summoned Parliament
Funds to repress revolt
Parliament launched its own revolt

6. Civil War Parliament Cavaliers and Roundheads
Tried and executed Charles I’s chief ministers, calls for abolition of bishops
Charles sends troops into the House of Commons
Escape and raise their own army
Cavaliers and Roundheads
Supporters of Charles I (wealthy nobles)
Country gentry, town manufacturers, Puritan clergy - led by Oliver Cromwell

7. England as a Commonwealth
Charles I is executed (1649)
Shocked Europe
House of Commons in control led by Cromwell
Charles II attacks from Ireland, Scotland as heir to the throne
Cromwell led forces into Ireland, crushes and implements harsh measures against Irish Catholics (forced to live in poor West Ireland)

8. End of the Commonwealth
Division between social classes
Cromwell rules as a dictator to counter challenges
Puritans gained a large influence on social life
Cromwell dies in 1658 and a newly elected Parliament invites the return of Charles II

9. Restoration Return of the Monarcchy Charles II was a popular ruler
Return to social life
Religious toleration
Dealt with Parliament
James II inherits the throne in 1685
Suspended laws, brought back Catholic influence
Parliament invites daughter (Mary and William III) of Orange to become rulers
James II fleas to France

10. Glorious Revolution The bloodless overthrow of King James II
William and Mary had to accept several Acts passed by Congress that became known as the English Bill of Rights
Parliament superior
House of Commons control of money
Monarch could not suspend laws
Established Habeas Corpus
Barred Catholics from being Monarch
Toleration Act allowed religious freedom to others