1. 18. The Eighteenth Century Beth Celona

2. 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 18 th Century Vocab1MonarchsWarEnlightenmentAverage Life

3. 100 Q. What are Natural Rights? A: Inalterable priveledges that ought not to be witheld from any person

4. 200 Q. What is enlightened absolutism A.When a ruler follows the advice of philosophes and rules by using enlightened principles

5. 300 Q. What is the word for Prussian nobility A.Junkers

6. 400 Q. What is reason of state? A.The basis that a ruler takes interest in the long term future of their state

7. 500 Q. What is the cottage system? A.A system where entrepreneurs sold wool and flax to rural workers to spin into clothes and yarn.

8. 100 Q. What characterized the 18th century British political system? A.A balance of power between the king and parliament with parliament having the upper hand

9. 200 Q. Which king lost the American colonies? A.King George III

10. 300 Q. Frederick the Great of Prussia took a great interest in what? A.Military Affairs

11. 400 Q. Pugachev’s failed rebellion led Catherine the Great to do what? A.Repress the peasants even more

12. 500 Q. What is the Pragmatic Sanction and was it successful? A.Charles VI made European powers promise to recognize his daughter Maria Theresa as his successor. However, once he died they ignored it.

13. 100 Q. The destruction of Poland came from which 3 countries? A.Austria, Russia, and Prussia

14. 200 After the Treaty of Utrecht, who replaced Spain as the dominant force in Italy? A.Austria

15. 300 What is the greatest conflict in the Seven Years War known as? A.The French and Indian War

16. 400 Q. What did the composition of armies reflect? A.The hierarchical structure of European society

17. 500 Q. Though there was an increase in armies, there was not an increase in ____ A.Destruction of warfare

18. 100 Q. What three monarchs were known for enlightened absolutism? A.Frederick II of Prussia, Catherine the Great of Russia, and Joseph II of Austria

19. 200 Q. Catherine the Great’s Charter of Nobility formalized what rights? A.Right to trial by peers and exemption from personal taxation and corporal punishment

20. 300 Q. What is primogeniture and how did the enlightenment affect it? A.The practice of treating the firstborn son as the favorite. After the enlightenment, it started to become less practiced.

21. 400 Q. Philosophes regarded war as what? A.A foolish waste of life and resources

22. 500 Q. Who said, “I have made philosophy the lawmaker of my empire?” A.Joseph II

23. 100 Q. After 1750, illegitimate birth rates did what? A.Increased

24. 200 Q. 18th century agriculture is characterized by what? A.and increase in food production

25. 300 Q. A decrease in supplies to take care of children led to high rates of what? A.Infanticide

26. 400 Q. Among working class families the contribution of women and children were what? A.Crucial to family economy

27. 500 Q. Marriage was based mostly around what? A.Interests and what is best for the family