1. Durham August 07 Wide-field surveys, and opportunities in the near-infrared Steve Warren Imperial College London UKIDSS Survey Scientist Homework: Lawrence ‘Wide Field Surveys and Astronomical Discovery Space’ arXiv:0704.0809

2. Durham August 07 A lovely bunch

3. Durham August 07 1.What are surveys useful for? 2. The current state of the art 3. Some highlights from SDSS and 2MASS 4. Opportunities in the near-infrared with UKIDSS - What is the near-infrared good for? - Technical issues - Two headline science goals 5. The near future

4. Durham August 07 What are surveys useful for? 1. Efficient use of telescope time 2. Archive - things you haven’t thought of 3. Serendipitous discoveries

5. Durham August 07 What are surveys useful for? Discovery of Uranus (1781)

6. Durham August 07 Sandage (telescope proposal) “Not all astronomical sources have been observed at all wavelengths. We propose to remedy this.”

7. Durham August 07

8. HUDF contains 10040 sources (galaxies) Area 3.2x10 -3 deg 2 Area sky 41253 deg 2 Sandage’s goal is detection of 10 11 galaxies (and 10 11 stars) at all wavelengths

9. Durham August 07 Current state of the art in surveys

10. Durham August 07 Highlights from SDSS 1. Baryonic acoustic oscillations

11. Durham August 07 Highlights from SDSS 2. High-redshift z>6 quasars

12. Durham August 07 Highlights from SDSS 3. Structure in the Milky Way halo

13. Durham August 07 1,2,3 made possible by archive tool

14. Durham August 07 Highlights from 2MASS 1. All sky atlases

15. Durham August 07 Highlights from 2MASS 2. Brown dwarfs

16. Durham August 07 Highlights from 2MASS 2. Brown dwarfs

17. Durham August 07 Opportunities in the near-infrared with UKIDSS 1. What is the near-infrared good for? 2. Technical issues 3. Two headline science goals

18. Durham August 07 1. What is the near-infrared good for? Near-infrared explores the cool, the dust-obscured, and the high-redshift universe

19. Durham August 07 2MASS too shallow cf SDSS LAS best for rare objects DXS, UDS well suited to old stellar pops at high z DXS, SWIRE well matched

20. Durham August 07 2. Technical issues

21. Durham August 07 2. Technical issues 4x2048x2048 Hawaii II arrays 0.4 arcsec pixels 0.21 sq.degs / exposure Filters: Z,Y,J,H,K,H 2 -S(1),Br-g 1 deg 2 K=19.5 / hr (5sig) etendue 2.38 m 2 deg 2

22. Durham August 07 UKIRT Wide Field Camera (WFCAM)

23. Durham August 07 UKIDSS design 5 elements of UKIDSS Large Area SurveyLASYJHK18.4K4000 s.d.262nExGal Deep Extragalactic SurveyDXSJK21.035118ExGal Ultra Deep SurveyUDSJHK23.00.77296ExGal Galactic Plane SurveyGPSJHK19.01800186Gal Galactic Clusters SurveyGCSZYJHK18.7120084Gal

24. Durham August 07 UKIDSS design Large Area SurveySDSS near-ir photom, Y dwarfs, KX quasars, z=7 quasars Deep Extragalactic SurveyMultiwavelength fields, the Universe at 1<z<1.5, FMOS spec Ultra Deep SurveyMultiwavelength field SXDS, the Universe at z=3 Galactic Plane SurveyGalactic-plane atlas -5<b<+5 Galactic Clusters SurveyUniversality of the stellar IMF

25. Durham August 07 UKIDSS design ESO public survey 1000 nights UKIRT over 7yrs UKIDSS = 100 X 2MASS near-ir SDSS began 2005 May 13 surveyP/P 2MASS V/V 2MASS LAS297.0 GPS407.2 GCS122.5 DXS312.2 UDS270.8 total13919.7

26. Durham August 07 2MASS

27. Durham August 07 Headline science: z>6.4 quasars SDSS limit z=6.4 z=6 quasar spectra indicate reionisation nearly complete by z=6.2

28. Durham August 07 Headline science: z>6.4 quasars At Y<19.5 expect: 1 quasar z>6 in 150 sq degs 1 quasar z>6.4 in 300 sq degs EDR indicates contamination only 20:1

29. Durham August 07 Headline science: the search for Y dwarfs

30. Durham August 07 Headline science: the search for Y dwarfs

31. Durham August 07 Headline science: the search for Y dwarfs ULAS J0034 the coolest brown dwarf

32. Durham August 07 Data access http://surveys.roe.ac.uk/wsa Flexible query tool providing access to: Images Detection tables Source tables Registration by institution, with approved list monitored by community contact. e.g. imperial.ac.uk get username and pwd from SJW

33. Durham August 07 The near future VISTA near-ir WISE mid-ir Herschel far-ir 2008 2009 2008