2. Placer Mining Quartz mining Henry Comstock Boom town Placer Mining Quartz mining Henry Comstock Boom town

4.  Ranching and Farming the Plains  Great Plains  Texas Longhorns  Farming Becomes Big Business Farming Becomes Big Business  Railroads West  Homestead Act  Wheat Belt Great Plains Open range Long drive Homestead act Homestead Wheat Belt Great Plains Open range Long drive Homestead act Homestead Wheat Belt

6.  Cultures under Pressure  Indian Peace Commission  Conflict and Assimilation  Sitting Bull  Ghost Dance  Century of Dishonor  Assimilate  Dawes Act Indian Peace Commission Sitting Bull Ghost Dance Assimilate Dawes Act Wounded Knee Indian Peace Commission Sitting Bull Ghost Dance Assimilate Dawes Act Wounded Knee

7.  United States Industrializes  GNP=Gross National Product  Natural Resources  Large Workforce  1870-1910-20 million immigrants  Free Enterprise  Free Enterprise  Laissez-faire  New Inventions Gross National Product Natural Resources Entrepreneurs Free Enterprise Laissez-Faire Alexander Graham Bell Thomas Alva Edison Gross National Product Natural Resources Entrepreneurs Free Enterprise Laissez-Faire Alexander Graham Bell Thomas Alva Edison

9.  Railroads Linking the Nation Railroads Linking the Nation  1865 – 35,000 miles of track  1900-200,000 miles of track  Pacific Railway Act 1862  Railroads Spur Growth  American Railway Association  Land Grant System Land Grant System  Sell the land to settlers, real estate companies, and other business to raise money  Pacific Railway Act 1862-1864 changed land system  Robber Barons  Built their fortunes on swindling investors, and taxpayers, bribing gov ernment officials, and cheating on their contracts and debts  James J. Hull and the Great Northern Railroad  Did without any government funds and was not a robber baron  Only one that was not forced into bankruptcy American Railway Association Robber Barons Land Grant System Pacific Railway Act American Railway Association Robber Barons Land Grant System Pacific Railway Act

11.  Rise of Big Business  Corporations and Stockholders  1830 no need to for charter from states  Reinvest stock money in:  Technology  Larger Workforce  Machinery  Consolidation of Industry  Andrew Carnegie  Vertical integration  John D. Rockefeller  Horizontal integration Corporations Andrew Carnegie Vertical integration Horizontal Integration Monopoly Corporations Andrew Carnegie Vertical integration Horizontal Integration Monopoly

12. Marxism Industrial Unions AFL Samuel Gompers Closed Shops Great Railroad Strike Haymarket Square Pullman Strike Marxism Industrial Unions AFL Samuel Gompers Closed Shops Great Railroad Strike Haymarket Square Pullman Strike

14.  Immigration  1900 more than half of all immigrants were Eastern and Southern  Europeans Flood into United States  Many rural farmers, avoid military conscription, or Jew fleeing persecution  Getting to the United States  Ellis Island  Jacob Riis  Asian Immigration  Angel Island  The Resurgence of Nativism  Anti-Immigration Act  1882 Chinese Exclusion Act Ellis Island Angel Island Nativism Chinese Exclusion Act Ellis Island Angel Island Nativism Chinese Exclusion Act

15.  The Growth of American Cities  The New Urban Environment  Separation by Class  Urban Problems and Politics Urbanization Tenements Political Machines Graft Boss Tweed James and Thomas Pendergast Urbanization Tenements Political Machines Graft Boss Tweed James and Thomas Pendergast

16.  Gilded Age  Mark Twain  Warner  Social Darwinism  Realism  Popular Culture  Vaudeville Acts Gilded Age Individualism Herbert Spencer Social Darwinism Philanthropy Gilded Age Individualism Herbert Spencer Social Darwinism Philanthropy

17. Henry George Frank Ward YMCA Dwight L. Moody Settlement Houses Americanization Booker T. Washington Henry George Frank Ward YMCA Dwight L. Moody Settlement Houses Americanization Booker T. Washington

18.  Stalemate in Washington  Spoils System  Sparked by assassination of James A Garfield  Cleaning Up Politics  Rutherford B. Hayes  Stalwarts  Halfbreeds  James A. Garfield  Pendelton Act 1883  Two Parties Neck and Neck  Republican Party  Democrat Party  Election of 1884  Commerce, Trusts, and Tariffs  Republicans Regain Power Pendelton Act Stalwarts Mugwumps Interstate Commerce Act Halfbreeds Rutherford B. Hayes James A. Garfield Pendelton Act Stalwarts Mugwumps Interstate Commerce Act Halfbreeds Rutherford B. Hayes James A. Garfield

19.  Populism  Unrest in Rural America  Concerns of Farmers  Farmers Alliance  The rise of Populism Populism Inflation Deflation Grange Granger laws Peoples Party Farmers Alliance Graduated Income Tax Panic of 1893 William Jennings Bryan Populism Inflation Deflation Grange Granger laws Peoples Party Farmers Alliance Graduated Income Tax Panic of 1893 William Jennings Bryan

20.  Resistance and Repression  Benjamin “Pap” Singleton  Colored Farmers National Alliance  Disenfranchising African Americans  15 th Amendment and Grandfather clause  Legalizing Segregation  Jim Crow Laws and separating races  Plessey v. Ferguson  African American Response  Ida B Wells  Booker T. Washington  W.E.B DuBois” Poll Tax Prospective Grandfather clause Segregation Jim Crow laws Plessy vs. Ferguson Ida B. Wells W.E.B. Dubois Poll Tax Prospective Grandfather clause Segregation Jim Crow laws Plessy vs. Ferguson Ida B. Wells W.E.B. Dubois