1. CS 350 Chapter-12 Wireless Technologies

2. Wireless Agencies & Standards AgencyPurposeWeb Site Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Creates and maintains operational standards www.ieee.org Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Regulates the use of wireless devices in the U.S. www.fcc.gov European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSi) Chartered to produce common standards in Europe www.etsi.org Wi-Fi AlliancePromotes and tests for WLAN interoperability www.wi-fi.com WLAN Association (WLANA) Educates and raises consumer awareness regarding WLANS www.wlana.org

3. Unlicensed Bands Released by FCC Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) 900MHz2.4GHz Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (UNII) 5GHz

4. The 802.11 Standards Committees Committee Purpose IEEE 802.11a 54Mbps, 5GHz standard IEEE 802.11b Enhancements to 802.11 to support 5.5Mbps and 11Mbps IEEE 802.11c Bridge operation procedures; included in the IEEE 802.1D standard IEEE 802.11d International roaming extensions IEEE 802.11e Quality of service IEEE 802.11F Inter-Access Point Protocol IEEE 802.11g 54Mbps, 2.4GHz standard (backward compatible with 802.11b) IEEE 802.11h Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) and Transmit Power Control (TPC) at 5GHz IEEE 802.11i Enhanced security IEEE 802.11j Extensions for Japan and U.S. public safety IEEE 802.11k Radio resource measurement enhancements IEEE 802.11m Maintenance of the standard; odds and ends IEEE 802.11n Higher throughput improvements using multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) antennas IEEE 802.11p Wireless Access for the Vehicular Environment (WAVE) IEEE 802.11r Fast roaming IEEE 802.11s Extended service set mesh networking IEEE 802.11T Wireless Performance Prediction (WPP) IEEE 802.11u Internetworking with non-802 networks (cellular, for example) IEEE 802.11v Wireless network management IEEE 802.11w Protected management frames IEEE 802.11y 3650–3700 operation in the United States

7. Wireless LAN Modulation Techniques Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) 802.11, 802.11b Differential Binary Phase Shift Keying (DBPSK) for 1Mbps DSSS Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (DQPSK) for 2Mbps DSSS Complementary Code Keying (CCK) for 5.5 Mbps and 11Mbps The three are compatible and can coexist by 802.11- standard using rate-switching procedure Error can be corrected by a redundant bit

8. Wireless LAN Modulation Techniques Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) No offered by any vendor Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) 802.11a/g 52 carriers BPSK or QPSK

9. Wireless Network Components Wireless Access Points (AP) Wireless Network Interface Card (NIC) Wireless Antennas Omni directional Directional or Yagi dBd :7dBd = 7 + 2.2 dBi dBi

10. Installing a Wireless Network Ad hoc Mode: Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS) Infrastructure Mode: Basic Service Set (BSS) Security Set Identifier (SSID) – identify a network Extended Service Set (ESS) - extend coverage than a single access point